Cell Organelles Eukaryotic Cells Cell Parts Cells the

Cell Organelles Eukaryotic Cells

Cell Parts • Cells – the basic unit of life. • Organelles - small structures inside a cell with specific functions.

A) Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane Cell membrane 1. Function: Regulates materials entering and exiting the cell and serves as a boundary from outside environment. 2. Structure: Two layers of phospholipids, proteins

B) Cytoplasm 1. Function: All cell contents that lie between the cell membrane and the nucleus. (organelles + cytosol) a. Cytosol = liquid portion/non-organelles. 2. Structure: Made up of fluid and organelles except for nucleus

C) Nucleus 1. Function: Controls most of a cell’s processes and stores DNA. 2. Structure: Membrane bound, contains DNA

G) Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough ER Smooth ER Function and Structure: a. Rough ER: A membrane system with ribosomes on its surface where proteins are assembled. b. Smooth ER: A membrane system where lipids are assembled.

H) Ribosomes Free Ribosomes 1. Function: Makes proteins. 2. Structure: Small circular organelles

J) Lysosomes 1. Function: Packets of enzymes that break down materials in a cell. 2. Structure: Small membrane-bound organelles

K) Mitochondria 1. Function: Produce energy for the cell – site of cellular respiration. 2. Structure: Double membrane-bound, kidney shaped, contains its own DNA

L) Golgi Apparatus 1. Function: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins. 2. Structure: Pancake-shaped layered organelle

M) Cytoskeleton Microfilaments Microtubules 1. Function: Provide support and structure for the cell. 2. Structure: Microtubules and microfilaments

P) Chloroplasts (Plants only) Chloroplasts 1. Function: site of photosynthesis (converting sun and CO 2 into sugar). 2. Structure: Membrane bound organelles that contain chlorophyll

Q) Cell Wall (Plants only) Cell Wall 1. Function: Provides support for the cell and the plant. 2. Structure: Made of cellulose

Cell Parts Analogy • Create an analogy (besides the city analogy) for the cell and its parts • Possible ideas: – Stadium – School – Country – Restaurant – House – Mall – Waterpark

Stadium Example: • • Cell membrane: wall of stadium, gates Cytoplasm: everything inside the stadium. Nucleus: the control room for the stadium. Etc…