Cell Organelles 7 12 D Differentiate between structure

Cell Organelles 7. 12 D Differentiate between structure and function in plant and animal cell organelles, including cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and vacuole

Cell Membrane • Structure: Flexible Membrane with small holes, Surrounds cells (outside layer for animal cells, just inside cell wall for plants)

Cell Membrane • Function: Controls what goes in and out of cell (transports material) & Holds in cytoplasm • Analogy: It is like the bright orange flexible fencing around construction sites because it protects the work site while still l l e C t n allowing things to go through. a l P l l e C l a m i n A

Cytoplasm Structure: Gel-like fluid made mostly of water The material inside the membrane

Cytoplasm Function: • Holds organelles • keeps cell flexible • maintains shape of cell l l e C t n a l P l l e C l a m i An Analogy: It is like the water in a swimming pool because all the stuff that happens in the pool happens in the water. The water supports the swimmer like cytoplasm supports organelles

Mitochondria Structure: Bean shape with many layers inside

Mitochondria Function: Transforms energy (from nutrients and Oxygen) for cells to use Analogy: Mitochondria act like a power plant because they both transform other materials to make energy. l l e C t n a l P l l e C l a m i An

Nucleus Structure: Large and round, will usually be located towards the middle of the cell. Membrane bound (eukaryotic)

Nucleus Function: Contains genetic material (DNA), controls cellular activities Analogy: The nucleus is like the brain of a human because the brain controls the actions of the body like the nucleus controls the cell. l l e C t n a l P l l e C l a m i n A

Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure: Flat, folded membrane, usually around the nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: Makes proteins for the cell. Internal delivery system. Analogy: ER is like a factory that produces goods and ships what they have made.

Golgi Body Structure: Stacked membranes

Golgi Body Function: Packages and delivers materials made from ER. In plants, the Golgi made cell wall material. Analogy: Golgi bodies are like Fed. Ex because they package and ship materials around and out of cell.

Lysosome Structure: small and round, usually more found in animal cells. Can move within cells.

Lysosome Function: Digestion of cellular waste. Recycles old cell material to make new molecules. Analogy: Lysosomes are like your digestive system because both can break apart larger materials to make new molecules.

Vacuole Structure: small and round in animal cells, usually a single large bag-like structure in plants

Vacuole Function: stores water and nutrients, aids(helps) in cellular digestion. In plants it works with the cell wall for cell support (turgor pressure). Analogy: A canteen is like a vacuole l l e C because both are used to store water. t n a l P l l e C l a m i n A

Chloroplast Structure: green, bean shaped – found only in plant cells

Chloroplast Only in plan t c ells! Function: contains chlorophyll that makes photosynthesis possible Analogy: Kitchens are like chloroplast because both make “food” for organisms. l l e C t n a l P l l e C l a m i n A

Cell Wall Structure: rigid material that forms the outer layer of plant cells.

Cell Wall ! s l l e c t n a l p n i y l On Function: gives plant cells support and protects cell’s interior. Analogy: Walls of a building are like a cell wall because both are used for support. l l e C t n a l P l l e C l a m i n A

So Which is Which and Why? w e f a e t i r w l a n r u o j e c n e i In your sc n a c u o y w o h t u o b a s e c n e t n se d n a s e l l e n a g r o t n e r e f f i d y identif types of cells.