Cell Organelle Book Plasma Membrane same as cell

Cell Organelle Book

Plasma Membrane (same as cell membrane) • Function: Gateway of the cell, helps regulate what goes in and out of the cell. • Found in: Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Cytoplasm/Cytosol • Function: Jelly-like substance that fills all cellscontains water and macromolecules. Site of many chemical reactions in cell. • Found in: Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Cytoskeleton • Function: Made of proteins called microtubules and found in cytoplasm. Gives cell its shape, support, and helps move materials. • Found in: Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Ribosome • Function: Assembles proteins for the cell. Site of translation where amino acids are assembled to make proteins • Found in: Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Nucleus • Function: Contains all of the DNA in eukaryotes. Controls the cell’s activities. • Found in: Eukaryotes Only

Nucleolus • Function: Inner part of the nucleus; it makes ribosomes for the cell. • Found in: Eukaryotes Only

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum • Function: The part that has ribosomes on it. Tubes that package protein and transport it in the cell. Found in: Eukaryotes Only

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum • Function: The part that has NO ribosomes. Tubes that package and build and transport lipids for the cell. Also detoxifies dangerous substances. • Found in: Eukaryotes Only

Mitochondria • Function: Breaks down glucose to make lots of ENERGY (ATP) a cell needs to carry out its functions! Site of cellular respiration. • Found in: Eukaryotes Only

Lysosome • Function: Use chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts. Full of ENZYMES! • Found in: Eukaryotes Only

Golgi Apparatus • Function: Receives proteins & materials from the ER, packages them, & distributes them • Found in: Eukaryotes Only

Centrioles • Function: Helps arrange fibers when the cell is ready to divide/split in half. • Found in: Eukaryotes (Animal cells ONLY!)

Cell Wall • Function: Rigid outer layer of a plant cell; protects the plant cell • Found in: Eukaryotes (Plants) and SOME prokaryotes (bacteria)

Vacuole • Function: Stores food, water, wastes, and other materials such as proteins • Found in: Eukaryotes (LARGE in plants, small and numerous in animals)

Chloroplast • Function: Captures energy from the sunlight and uses it to produce glucose (food) in a plant cells. Site of photosynthesis! • Found in: Eukaryotes (Plants ONLY!)