cell is w The Cell basic unit of

“cell” is! w The Cell - basic unit of structure & function in the organism; most cell are vary small and invisible without using a microscope.

Cell Theory 1. Every living organism is composed of cells. 2. Every cell in an organism produced by anther cell.

Cell Structure

Cell Membrane Structure: • Surround the parts of cell together. Function (job): • Controls the movement of material into and out of cell.

Cytoplasm Structure: • Substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus. (Everything within the cell membrane which is not the nucleus is known as the cytoplasm). • Makes up most of the mass of many cell. Function (job): • Different cell material are produced by cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm Cytosol is the jelly-like mixture in which the other organelles are suspended, so cytosol + organelles = cytoplasm.

Nucleus Structure: • Usually round/oval • Near center The nucleus separated from the cytoplasm by a thin membrane is called nuclear membrane.

Nucleus Function (job): • Controls cell activities

Mitochondria Structure: • Rod shaped

Mitochondria Function (job): • Release energy & it is called (Power house of cell)

Ribosomes Structure: • Tiny particle, so small, they can see only with an electron microscope.

Ribosomes Function (job): • Site of Protein synthesis because it consisting of RNA and protein.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure: • Like tubes • Smooth ER - no ribosomes attached • Rough ER - ribosomes are attached

Endoplasmic Reticulum Function (job): • Transports materials “intracellular

Golgi Bodies Structure: • Series of flattened sacs

Golgi Bodies Function (job): • Processes, packages and secretes material • Materials that are transported by the ER usually stop first at the Golgi bodies where they are stored or altered before moving to other parts of the cell

Lysosomes Structure: • Round organelles surrounded by a membrane. Function (job): • Contains powerful digestive enzymes

Vacuoles Structure: • Fluid-filled sacs that float in the cytoplasm

Vacuoles Function (job): • Stores water and food materials • Stores waste and helps the cell get rid of waste

• Cell types: • Prokaryotic cell - very simple; no membrane-bound structures (ex: bacteria) • Eukaryotic cell - more advanced; has membrane-bound structures (ex: animal cells, plant cells)

Organization of Living Things Five main levels of organization 1. Cell 2. Tissue 3. Organ 4. Organ System 5. Organism

Tissue • Example: Muscle • Tissues are made of specialized cells.

Organ • Examples: Heart, Lung, Brain • Found in both plants and animals. • Composed of tissue that is organized into groups that work together to perform special functions.

Organ System • Example: Circulatory System • A group of organs that work together.

10 Organ Systems in complex organisms (humans, dogs, birds, etc. ) 1. Circulatory 2. Digestive 3. Nervous 4. Respiratory 5. Skin 6. Skeletal 7. Muscular 8. Reproductive 9. Excretory 10. Endocrine

ORGANISMS • Different organ systems work together to keep the organism alive.

QUESTION: • Classify the following as a tissue, organ, or organ system. a. Brain, spinal cord, and nerves b. Heart c. Group of muscle cells

QUESTION: • Can a single-celled organism contain tissue? Explain.

QUESTION: • Give one example of each: a. Cell c. Tissue b. Organ d. Organism