Cell injury and accumulation 2 By Basma Tito

Cell injury and accumulation 2 By/ Basma Tito Assistant teacher at Pathology Department

Pathological features of fatty liver: • Gross: ü Size : enlarged ü Shape : preserved ü Border : rounded ü Colour : pale yellow ü Consistency : soft ü Cut sections : bulges out, greasy to touch , diffuse or focal • Nut-meg liver: It is morphological term describe Focal Fatty change of liver in case of chronic venous congestion of liver (will be discussed in circulatory disorder).

Nut- meg :

Nut- meg in liver :

Pathological features of fatty liver • microscopic: ü cells containing fat are enlarged ü cytoplasm contain empty vacuoles W enlarge/coalesce/push nucleus to one side of cell giving (Signet ring appearance).

Fatty change in liver:

$Hyaline change: • Def : Structural changes of dead tissue into homogenous, pink, refractile,$

Hyaline change: • Def : Structural changes of dead tissue into homogenous, pink, refractile, structurless material • Cause : Still Unknown • Types : 1 - Extracellular 2 - cellular

1) Extracellular (C. T hyalinosis) : • A - Vascular: - arteries: 1 - Atherosclerosis -arterioles: 1 - benign hypertension 2 – splenomegaly (central arteriole of spleen) - capillaries: 1 - D. M 2 - Benign hypertension 3 - glomerulonephritis • B - Extravascular: - leiomyoma - old thrombus or infarction

2) cellular : # Russel bodies in Rhinoscleroma: hyaline degeneration of plasma cells # Councilman bodies in viral hepatitis in liver # Corpora amylacia : in benign prostatic hyperplasia # Islets of langerhans of pancreas in D. M

Hyaline change in spleen

Amyloidosis: • Def : disease complex (not a single disease) characterized by abnormal protein deposited in many tissues & organs of body gives variable clinical pictures • It has a uniform morphological appearance but different chemical composition

Amyloidosis in Kidney • Gross: Early no change in size, later kidney is ++ in size. In prolonged course it may become small d. t ischemic changes (2 ry contracted kidney). • AFFECT: • a- Afferent arterioles: thickening of the wall & narrowing of the lumen. • b- Glomerular capillaries: Amyloid deposit in basement membrane • c- Collecting tubules : Amyloid deposit in basement membrane. Hyaline casts in tubular lumen.

Clinical effects of Amyloidosis in Kidney : • Clinical effects: a - deposition in glomerular capillaries (Nephrotic syndrome) b - deposition in basement membrane of collecting tubules (Diabetic insipidus) c - deposition in afferent arteriole (Renal failure)

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