Cell growth Division and Reproduction Cell Division Produces

Cell growth, Division and Reproduction

Cell Division • Produces 2 daughter cell • Asexual Reproduction – produces genetically identical offspring from a single parent. – Binary fission in prokaryotic cells – Mitosis in eukaryotic cells • Sexual Reproduction – offspring produced by reproductive cells of 2 parents. – Meiosis – inherit genetic information from each parent

Chromosomes

Binary Fission

Cell Cycle – Eukaryote

Mitosis • • Division of the nucleus Asexual reproduction Body cells – somatic cells 4 phases – Prophase – Metaphase – Anaphase – Telophase

Interphase • Growth, DNA synthesis • Prep for Mitosis • Chromatin material, no chromosomes

Prophase • • • Longest phase Genetic material condenses Chromosomes visible Nuclear envelope disappears Spindles forming

Metaphase • Centromeres of chromosome line up across center of cell • Spindle fibers connect centromere of chromosome to 2 poles of cell

Anaphase • Sister chromatids separate and begin to move apart. Each chromatid is not considered a chromosome.

Telophase • Chromosomes uncoil , nuclear envelope reappears, spindle begins to break apart, nucleolus visible. • Cell division complete

Cytokinesis • All that is left is to split the cytoplasm, usually occurs same time as telophase. • Cell is split into 2 • Animal cell has actin filament that draws in membrane, plant cell produces cell plate