Cell DivisionMitosis Notes Cell Division process by which
Cell Division—Mitosis Notes Cell Division — process by which a cell divides into _____ • Why do cells need to divide? 1. Living things _______ by producing _____, NOT because each cell increases in size 2. _____ of damaged tissue 3. If cell gets too big, it _______ get enough _____ into the cell and _______ out of the cell
• The _____ cell is called the _____ cell; ______ cells are called ______ cells 2 • Before cell division occurs , the cell _____ (copies) all of its ______, so each daughter cell gets complete set of ________ from parent cell • Each daughter cell is ______ like the parent cell – _____ kind and number of ________ as the original cell 2 Daughter Cells Parent Cell
Chromosome number • Every organism has its own __________ of chromosomes Examples: Human = ____ chromosomes or ____ Dog = ____ chromosomes or ______ Goldfish = ____ chromosomes or _______ Lettuce = _____ chromosomes or _______
Cell Cycle -- series of events cells go through as they _______ and _____ • Cell ____, prepares for division, then _____ to form 2 ______cells – each of which then begins the cycle again
Interphase—period of cell _______ and ______ • DNA _____ (copying) occurs during Interphase • During Interphase the cell also ____, carries out normal _____, replicates all other ______ • The cell spends most of its life cycle in _______
Mitosis – division of the _____ into 2 nuclei, each with the same number of ________ • Mitosis occurs in _____ the _____ (body) cells So ____ new ______ Why does mitosis occur? cell has ______ with a complete set of _______
• 4 phases of nuclear division (mitosis), directed by the cell’s DNA (______) _________—(Middle) Anaphase—(Apart) _______—(Apart) _____—(Two)
_____ · Chromosomes _______ · Nuclear envelope ______ · ______ form
_______—(Middle) · Chromosomes line up in _____ of cell · Spindle fibers _______ to chromosomes
_______—(Apart) · Chromosome copies _____ · Spindle fibers pull chromosomes to ________
_______— (Two) · Chromosomes ______ · Nuclear envelopes _____ · _________ are formed · Spindle fibers ________
Cytokinesis — the ______ of the rest of the cell (________ and organelles) after the nucleus divides In _______ cells the cytoplasm pinches in In _____ cells a cell plate forms • After mitosis and cytokinesis, the cell returns to ________to continue to grow and perform regular cell activities
Summary: Cell Cycle Interphase Mitosis (PMAT) Cytokinesis • When cells become old or damaged, they ______ and are replaced with _____ cells
Phase Chromosome Appearance & Location Important Events Interphase DNA copies itself; chromatin DNA replication, cell grows and replicates organelles Chromosomes coil up Nuclear envelope disappears, spindle fibers form Chromosomes line up in the middle Spindle fibers connect to chromosomes Anaphase Chromosome copies divide and move apart Telophase Chromosomes uncoil back into chromatin Cytokinesis Chromatin Spindle fibers pull chromosome copies apart to opposite poles Nuclear envelopes reform, 2 new nuclei are formed, spindle fibers disappear Division of the rest of the cell: cytoplasm and organelles Prophase Metaphase
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