Cell Division The Cell Cycle and Mitosis Cell
- Slides: 12
Cell Division The Cell Cycle and Mitosis
Cell Theory REMEMBER!!!! ◦ 1. All living things are made up of cells. ◦ 2. Cells are the basic unit of life. ◦ 3. ALL CELLS COME FROM PRE-EXISTING CELLS
Cell Division Functions in Reproduction Growth Repair Process ensures the distribution of IDENTICAL hereditary material (DNA, genome, chromosome, etc…)to the two DAUGHTER CELLS. This process is ASEXUAL reproduction and occurs in BODY CELLS (AKA: Somatic cells/Diploid Cells)
The Life of a Cell
Interphase: G 1 Phase • Cells spend MOST of their lives in interphase G 1. • During this time the cell is doing its job • Cellular respiration, osmosis, photosynthesis, etc. • It is also growing. http: //www. cancerquest. org/cell-cycle-stages
Interphase: S Phase • DNA Replication • During this phase, DNA, found in chromosomes, unwinds to make an EXACT copy of itself. • This process results in TWO identical DNA strands that each have one NEW strand one OLD stand.
Interphase: G 2 Phase During this phase the cell ◦ Continues to grow ◦ Fixes any mistakes made during DNA replication
The Life of a Cell • Once a cell decides to leave the G 1 phase, IT MUST GO THROUG THE ENTIRE PROCESS. M A T C • The next phase is known as: MITOSIS and occurs in several steps USE PMAT to remember the order 8
4 n 4 n 2 n 2 n Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis MITOSIS Prophase – nucleus and organelles disintegrates. Chromatin condenses into chromosome. Centrioles move to opposite side of the cell Metaphase– chromosomes line up in the middle Anaphase– Telophase– cell Cytokenesis spindles froms a cleavage– cells budd (microtubules) furrow off resulting pull in two chromosomes daughter Remember the cells has already apart cells. gone through G 1, S, and G 2. n=set of Therefore the cell has double chromosomes the genetic material (4 n) until it splits into two daughter cells. 9
Name the Stages of Mitosis: Anaphase Metaphas e Prophase Interphase Cytokenesis Telophas e 10
Animal Cell Early, Middle, & Late Prophase Late Anaphase Metaphase Telophase Anaphase Telophase & 11
The Four Mitotic Stages in Plants Anaphase Telophase Metaphase Prophase 12
