Cell Division Prokaryotes Why do cells divide Growth

Cell Division & Prokaryotes

Why do cells divide? • Growth • Replace damaged or old cells • Produce new individuals in single celled organisms • Differs in prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes

Identical Daughter Cells Two identical daughter cells Parent Cell

Surface Area to Volume Ratio • Surface Area to Volume Ratio: – Surface Area: • The area covered by the cell membrane – Volume: • Space inside of the cell (cytoplasm) Length of a side Surface Area Volume Ratio 1 6 2 24 8 3 4 96 64 1. 5

Surface Area : Volume

Having More Surface Area (lines) than Volume (squares) is Better! 14 lines 12 squares 42 lines 97 squares

BIGGER CELLS NEED MORE FOOD and OXYGEN, but CAN’T TRANSPORT IT FAST ENOUGH or IN BIG ENOUGH QUANTITIES!

Cell Division in Prokaryotes

Prokaryotic Chromosome • The DNA of prokaryotes (bacteria) is one, circular strand of DNA attached to the inside of the cell membrane

Cell Division in Prokaryotes • Prokaryotes like bacteria divide into 2 Parent cell identical cells by the process of binary Chromosome fission • Single chromosome replicates makes a copy of itself Cell splits • Cell membrane forms between the chromosomes dividing the cell 2 identical daughter cells

Animation of Binary Fission

Prokaryotic Cell Undergoing Binary Fission

Click HERE to watch short video of binary fission