Cell division mitosis or meiosis What happens with

Cell division mitosis or meiosis What happens with genetic material?

Match the words with their explanations or pictures. 1. Origin 2. A strand (or chain) A. A molecule DNA that serves as a pattern for the synthesis of a macromolecule. 3. To extend 4. A helix C. Specific location in genome, DNA-sequence that starts the replication D. To become longer 5. A template 6. To unwind F. To reverse the winding or twisting

Replication enzymes functions • Helicase unwinds our double helix into two strands. TO REMEMBER: HELICase unwinds HELIX • Single-strand binding proteins (SSBproteins) bind to single DNA strands, preventing re-formation of the double helix until the strands are copied.

• Polymerase adds nucleotides to a strand. TO REMEMBER: POLYMERase makes a POLYMER • Primase - an enzyme that is able to start a new strand of RNA opposite a DNA strand. After a few nucleotides have been added, the primase is displaced by DNA polymerase. RNA-primer – short sequence of RNA about 4 -5 nucleotides. TO REMEMBER: PRIMase makes a RNA-primer

one DNA strand—the lagging strand—must be synthesized discontinuously as short Okazaki fragments. Each Okazaki fragment is initiated by a separate RNA-primer and then is extended by DNA-polymerase. • DNA-ligase – an enzyme that forming a linkage between each Okazaki fragment. TO REMEMBER: This mechanism is similar to a certain musical technique for smooth connection of notes LEGATO, and the names are very similar.