Cell Division Mitosis Cell Cycle Resource Booklet Interphase

Cell Division Mitosis Cell Cycle Resource Booklet

Interphase Description : A period of growth in which a cell can spend 90% of its time. This part of the cycle is divided into three phases: G 1, S, and G 2. Cell Division - Notes Gallery 2

Interphase Plant cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 3

Interphase Animal cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 4

Interphase Chromatin is a mass of genetic material composed of DNA and proteins that eventually condenses to form chromosomes Cell Division - Notes Gallery 5

G 1 (Gap 1) Description : A period of activity in which cells do most of their growing. Cells increase in size and synthesize new proteins and organelles. The G 1 checkpoint ensures that the cell is large enough to divide, and that enough nutrients are available to support the resulting daughter cells. Cell Division - Notes Gallery 6

S (Synthesis) Description : Synthesis of DNA molecules takes place as chromosomes are replicated. Key proteins are also synthesized. Cell Division - Notes Gallery 7

S (Synthesis) DNA replication: Use the color code key to color the replicating DNA strand in your resource book. Nitrogenous Bases Color Key Adenine Guanine Thymine Cytosine Cell Division - Notes Gallery 8

G 2 (Gap 2) Description: Many organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced here. Once this phase is complete, the cell is ready for mitosis. The G 2 checkpoint ensures that DNA replication in S phase has been completed successfully. Cell Division - Notes Gallery 9

Prophase Description: q q The chromatin condenses into chromosomes. The centrioles (in animals) separate, and a spindle begins to form. The nuclear envelope breaks down. Longest phase of mitosis. Cell Division - Notes Gallery 10

Prophase Plant cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 11

Prophase Animal cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 12

Metaphase Description: q The chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. q Each chromosome is connected to a spindle fiber at its centromere. Metaphase checkpoint ensures that all of the chromosomes are attached to the mitotic spindle by a kinetochore. Cell Division - Notes Gallery 13

Metaphase Plant cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 14

Metaphase Animal cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 15

Anaphase Description: q The sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are moved apart. q. A cell plate forms in plant cells. Cell Division - Notes Gallery 16

Anaphase Plant cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 17

Anaphase Animal cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 18

Telophase Description: q Nuclear envelope forms around each new set of chromosomes q Spindle breaks down q Chromosomes uncoil q. A cell wall begins to form in plant cells. Cell Division - Notes Gallery 19

Telophase Plant cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 20

Telophase Animal cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 21

Cytokinesis Description: q Cytoplasm half. pinches in q Daughter cells have an identical set of duplicate chromosomes. Cell Division - Notes Gallery 22

Cytokinesis Plant cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 23

Cytokinesis Animal cell Cell Division - Notes Gallery 24

Phase Identification Look at the onion root tip cells in your booklet and see how many cells you can find in each stage. Chose a color for each stage and outline the cell in that color. Cell Division Color Key Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis Cell Division - Notes Gallery 25

G 0 (G zero) n If the cell does not receive a signal to “go ahead” at the G 1 checkpoint it will not go into the dividing phases (Mitosis) n The cell is now said to be in G 0 n Most cells in your body are in this stage. Cell Division - Notes Gallery 26

G 0 (G zero) n Examples of cells in G 0 – Nerve cells – muscle cells – Liver cells (although these cells can be “called back” into the dividing phases of mitosis based on external cues such as growth factors) Cell Division - Notes Gallery 27

Cancer n n n Cancer is a disorder in which some of the body’s own cells lose the ability to control growth. Cancer cells do not respond to the signals that regulate the growth of most cells (G 1 checkpoint is bypassed). As a result, they divide uncontrollably and form masses of cells called tumors that can damage the surrounding tissues. Cell Division - Notes Gallery 28

Cancer Cause/Effect What causes the loss of growth control that causes cancer? ? Use the Cancer Cause/Effect powerpoint to fill in this map. Fill in the various causes of cancer. Fill in the effects for each cause. C A N C E R Cell Division - Notes Gallery 29

Videos n Cell Cycle n http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=NR 0 md. DJMHIQ n Cancer n n http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ac. Ul 9 JC 70 e 8 http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ie. UANx. FVXKc Cell Division - Notes Gallery 30