Cell Division Gone Wrong Mutations n n A

Cell Division Gone Wrong

Mutations n n A permanent change in the sequence of DNA of a gene Thesunwashotbuttheoldmandidnotgethishat. The sun was hot but the old man did not get his hat. T hes unw ash otb utt heo ldm and idn otg eth ish at.

Progeria

Hypertrichosis

Proteus syndrome

Cancer A broad group of diseases that result in uncontrolled cell division.

Cancer n Why does it keep dividing? n The cells checkpoints might fail to identify problems or kill off the cell. As a result. . .

Cancer n Tumour – a rapidly growing mass of cells

Cancer n n Benign tumour – the cells stay together and have no serious effect on surrounding tissues. Malignant tumour – the cells interfere with the function of neighbouring cells and tissues Benign tumor Malignant tumour

Cancer n Metastasis – occurs when cancer cells break away from the original tumour and move to a different part of the body.

Causes of Cancer n 1. Mutations – random changes that occur in the DNA while it is being duplicated.

Causes of Cancer n 2. Carcinogens – are environmental factors that cause mutations. Tobacco n Plastics n Radiation n n X-rays n Sunlight

Smoking and Cancer n What else does smoking affect? ? Lungs n Lips n Tongue n Fingers n Trachea n Throat n

Causes of Cancer n 3. Some cancers can be hereditary depending on whether or not you obtain that portion of DNA from your parents. n Ex. Breast cancer, colon cancer

Causes of Cancer n 4. Infections & Viruses Virus enters cell and ‘highjacks’ it to reproduce n Some viruses insert their own DNA inside the host cell, causing it to become cancerous n

Cancer Screening n This involves checking for cancer even if there are no symptoms. This is important to catch cancer at an early stage. n ABCD (asymmetry, border, colour, diameter) n

Cancer Fighting ‘Super Foods’