Cell Division and the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle Dr

Cell Division and the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle Dr. Sarah, Tasha, Luba & Wilbur

Motivation • Chromosome structure and behavior are topics that are notoriously difficult for students to grasp, leading to gaps in student understanding of complex processes involving chromosomes and inheritance • Deeply ingrained misconceptions concerning the complex processes of meiosis, cell division, and genetics have been well documented (Fisher et al. , 1986; Brown, 1990; Kindfield, 1994 a; Bahar et al. , 1999; Lewis et al. , 2000; Marbach-Ad, 2001; Dikmenli, 2010), Newman et al (2012) Students Fail to Transfer Knowledge of Chromosome Structure to Topics Pertaining to Cell Division, CBE—Life Sciences Education. 11, 425– 436.

Content analysis of student models of meiosis in the Cell Biology class Newman et al (2012) Students Fail to Transfer Knowledge of Chromosome Structure to Topics Pertaining to Cell Division, CBE—Life Sciences Education. 11, 425– 436.

Goals and Objectives • To understand the sequence of steps involved in mitosis and meiosis • To compare and contrast steps of mitosis and meiosis • To understand the purpose of mitosis and meiosis

Background • Lecturer will cover all relevant aspects of cell division including – Chromosomes – Chromatids – DNA duplication/replication – Interphase – Mitosis: PMAT – Meiosis (I and II) – Crossing over/recombination – Independent Assortment – Ploidy

Activity -Mitosis § Work in groups of 4 -5 students § Identify different stages of mitosis and arrange them on the table in correct order § Notice-there are 5 main stages of mitosis-you have 8 different pictures (particular stage might be there twice) § Discuss your final outcome

Prophase Prometaphase Anaphase Telophase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase/Cytokinesis Cleavage furrow

Activity- MEIOSIS • Work in groups of 4 -5 students • Using pipe-cleaners of different colors, simulate the process of meiosis • Sketch the chromosome orientation in the worksheet • Start with 3 unduplicated pairs of chromosomes representing G 1 • Answer questions

Review Questions

1. If a cell has a chromosome number of 2 n=10, how many pairs of homologous chromosomes does it possess? What is the number of chromatids in the cell during prophase? A. B. C. D. 10; 20 5; 10 5; 20 20; 40

2. Can you fill-in this illustration? 1 4 3 2 6 5 A. B. C. D. meiosis, fertilization mitosis, n, n, 2 n mitosis, fertilization, meiosis, n, 2 n meiosis, fertilization mitosis, n, 2 n mitosis, meiosis, fertilization, n, n, 2 n

3. Compare your meiosis worksheet with a group next to you. Identify any differences and explain why there are differences. Independent assortment

4. Compare your mitosis and meiosis activity and list 3 major differences between them. Crossing over Independent assortment Diploid vs haploid outcome Genetic variations

How the tidbit addresses themes … • Diversity: – Activities are designed to be executed in groups, which are diverse culturally, racially and gender – Care was taken to ensure that words that ostracize different groups are not used – Different aspects of learning styles have been incorporated in the tidbit: in-class activities, group discussions, clicker questions • Active Learning: – More than 50% of the time is involved in activities • Assessment: – Students will be assessed through-out the activities by the instructor checking on each group’s progress. – Questions are the end of the activity will help the instructor assess whether learning goals have been achieved – We have designed 15 exam questions to match the topics we’ve discussed