Cell Cycle Review Cell Cycle is controlled by

Cell Cycle Review

Cell Cycle is controlled by proteins at different checkpoints

Cells that undergo Mitosis and Cytokinesis are referred to as somatic cells, which are simply body cells. The cells produced (daughter cells) are genetically identical to the original cell (parent cell). 1. How many daughter cells are created from mitosis and cytokinesis? 2 2. If a chimpanzee liver cell has 54 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be in each daughter cell? 54

Interphase Prophase Cytokinesis Telophase Cell Division of a Somatic (Body) Cell Anaphase Metaphase Anaphase

Mitosis & Cytokinesis metaphase parent cell prophase anaphase identical daughter cells telophase Mitosis – cell division of the nucleus Cytokinesis – division of the cytoplasm asexual reproduction Mitosis is a form of _________ because identical cells are made from one cell.

Belt of Proteins Cell Plate

Centromere Centrioles - make spindle fibers Spindle fibers - move chromosomes Sister Chromatids - original DNA & copy joined together by the centromere

Predict what would happen if cytokinesis were skipped? You would end up with a bigger cell that would have two nuclei.

Predict what would happen if a cell produced faulty spindle fibers? The chromatids would not separate.

Predict what would happen if the Synthesis (S) phase were removed? DNA would not be copied and the new cell would not have a copy of the DNA.

What phase is this? Prophase

What phase is this? Anaphase

What phase is this? Cytokenisis

What phase is this? Telophase

What phase is this? Interphase

What phase is this? Metaphase

Put the phases in the correct order! B A B C D E F F C E A D

Where does DNA replication occur? a. b. c. d. G 1 S G 2 M

What part of the cell cycle results in daughter cells? a. b. c. d. mitosis prophase cytokinesis G 2 checkpoint

What is the purpose of mitosis? a. Guarantees that each daughter cell has half the amount of DNA than the parent b. It ensures that new nuclei have correct amount of DNA c. It ensures the reproduction of mitochondria and chloroplast d. It prevents the occurrence of cancer cells

What structure(s) allows chromosomes to separate and move during mitosis? a. b. c. d. Radiating fibers Nuclear envelope chromatids Spindle apparatus

Cells spend 90% of their time in which phase? a. b. c. d. Cytokinesis Telophase Prophase Interphase

What process results in two complete strands of DNA from one original strand? a. b. c. d. m. RNA transcription DNA replication DNA translation DNA transformation

Cancer Cells Problem: 1. Regulation of cell growth and division is lost 2. Cells do not respond normally to control mechanisms 3. Cells continue to divide without passing through G 1