CELL CYCLE REGULATION Chapter 9 Section 3 Main

Main Idea The normal cell cycle is regulated by cyclin proteins.

Thinking Questions What is the role of cyclin proteins in controlling the cell cycle?

Normal Cell Cycle The role of cyclins • The timing and rate of cell

Normal Cell Cycle Quality control checkpoints • The cell cycle has built-in checkpoints that

Abnormal Cell Cycle Cancer • Cancer is the uncontrolled growth and division of cells.

Abnormal Cell Cycle Causes of cancer • Mutations or changes in segments of DNA

Abnormal Cell Cycle Apoptosis • Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death. •

Stem Cells • • Multicellular organisms have specialized cells. The precursor cells that can

Stem Cell uses Stem Cells They have the potential to repair, restore, replace, and

Current available therapies Stem Cells Potential therapies being tested in clinical trials. Only a

Slides: 13

Download presentation

CELL CYCLE REGULATION Chapter 9 Section 3

Main Idea The normal cell cycle is regulated by cyclin proteins.

Thinking Questions What is the role of cyclin proteins in controlling the cell cycle? How does cancer relate to the cell cycle? What is the role of apoptosis? What are the two types of stem cells and what are their potential uses? Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education

Normal Cell Cycle The role of cyclins • The timing and rate of cell division are important, and controlled by proteins and enzymes. • Cyclins are proteins that bind to enzymes

Normal Cell Cycle Quality control checkpoints • The cell cycle has built-in checkpoints that monitor the cycle and can stop it if something goes wrong. • There are checkpoints after each stage of interphase to protect against duplicating DNA damage.

Abnormal Cell Cycle Cancer • Cancer is the uncontrolled growth and division of cells. • Cancer results when cells stop responding to the controls of the cell cycle. • Cancer cells can kill an organism by crowding out normal cells, resulting in the loss of tissue function. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ie. UANx. F VXKc

Abnormal Cell Cycle Cancer

Abnormal Cell Cycle Causes of cancer • Mutations or changes in segments of DNA cause the cell growth and division of cancer cells. • Various environmental factors can affect the occurrence of cancer cells. • Substances that are known to cause cancer are called carcinogens.

Abnormal Cell Cycle Apoptosis • Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death. • Cells going through apoptosis shrink and shrivel. • Apoptosis occurs during development, in cells that are damaged, and in cells that may lead to cancerous growths.

Stem Cells • • Multicellular organisms have specialized cells. The precursor cells that can be directed to become specialized cells are stem cells.

Stem Cell uses Stem Cells They have the potential to repair, restore, replace, and regenerate cells, and could possibly be used to treat many medical conditions and diseases. Stem cell transplant: • Replace neurons damaged by spinal cord injury or neurological disorder. • Produce insulin that could treat people with diabetes • Cartilage to repair damage caused by arthritis

Current available therapies Stem Cells Potential therapies being tested in clinical trials. Only a few stem cell therapies that have been approved by the FDA. • Blood-forming stem cells (hematopoietic progenitor cells) derived from cord blood approved for use in blood disorders.