Cell Cycle Mitosis The division of the cell

MITOSIS PROPHASE METAPHASE ANAPHASE TELOPHASEE Fig. 10 a p. 171

Why Divide? § Single celled organisms = reproduction Multicellular § Growth while keeping the

Basically… (1855) § Cells come from cells § They divide – Repair – Growth

Mitosis is asexual § So what is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?

Chromosomes § In each nucleus of a cell we find chromosomes. Chromosomes are responsible

§ § Chromatin Chromosomes Sister Chromatids Centromere

Cell Cycle § Two phases in the cell cycle – Interphase § Longest phase

Interphase § Most of cell’s life is spent in interphase § Cell grows in

Mitosis: Prophase § First and longest phase of mitosis § Chromatin coils up into

Mitosis: Metaphase § Chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell § Sister

Mitosis: Anaphase § The sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the

Mitosis: Telophase § Final phase of mitosis § Nuclear membranes form around the chromatids

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Cell Cycle: Mitosis The division of the cell

MITOSIS PROPHASE METAPHASE ANAPHASE TELOPHASEE Fig. 10 a p. 171

Why Divide? § Single celled organisms = reproduction Multicellular § Growth while keeping the surface to volume ratio § To keep specialized cells in business.

Basically… (1855) § Cells come from cells § They divide – Repair – Growth – Produce offspring

Mitosis is asexual § So what is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction? – Asexual = cell inherits all genetic info from one parent. – Sexual = Genetic material from both parents combines. § Which is the exact genetic copy of the parent? § What do your skin cells do? § Meiosis prepares for sexual.

Chromosomes § In each nucleus of a cell we find chromosomes. Chromosomes are responsible for carrying our genetic code. (DNA). § Lets look at the parts of a Chromosome.

§ § Chromatin Chromosomes Sister Chromatids Centromere

Cell Cycle § Two phases in the cell cycle – Interphase § Longest phase § Increase in mass, doubles components, duplicates DNA – Mitosis § Nuclear division

Interphase § Most of cell’s life is spent in interphase § Cell grows in size § Chromosomes are copied for cell division Animal Cell

Mitosis: Prophase § First and longest phase of mitosis § Chromatin coils up into visible chromosomes § Chromosomes are X shaped – Two halves are called sister chromatids – Held together by the centromere § Nuclear envelope breaks up Animal Cell

Prophase

Mitosis: Metaphase § Chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell § Sister chromatids are attached to to it’s own spindle fiber from opposite poles of the cell Animal Cell

Metaphase

Mitosis: Anaphase § The sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell Animal Cell

Anaphase

Mitosis: Telophase § Final phase of mitosis § Nuclear membranes form around the chromatids § The plasma membrane pinches together forming two new cells (cytokinesis)

Metaphase to Interphase

Interphase (Plant)

Prophase (Plant)

Metaphase (Plant)

Anaphase (Plant)

Telophase (Plant)