Celebration of 15 Years MAGIC Gamma Ray Astronomy
Celebration of 15 Years MAGIC Gamma Ray Astronomy at ORM 11 / 03 / 2010 J. L. Contreras Maria Victoria Fonse UCM Magic CB Chair 0
Time journey 11 / 03 / 2010 J. L. Contreras 1
Origin of the ORM observatory Scientific research moves fast ” IAC is born n 1975: n 1985. Oficial inauguration of IAC and its two observatories: “Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Teide and ORM n More optical telescopes installed JKT(NL, 1984), WHT(UK, NL; 1987), NOT(Nordic, 1989), TNG(IT, 1996), GTC(ES, 2007) Now ORM is one of the best Astronomical observatories in the World
CR research at the Roque n n 1976 Kiel Array n 1983 Samorski & Stamm. A&A 1987: HEGRA-IAC agreement UCM joins HEGRA n 1998 HEGRA+MAGIC n n 2004 MAGIC-I First Light n 2008 MAGIC-II First Light n 2018 LST 1 -CTA First Light
The first years
The Kiel Shower array The Kiel air shower experiment (1976)
S&S Ap. J 1983: a surprising result In addition the showers looked hadronic New Physics ? 23 / 03 / 2015 J. L. Contreras
S&S Ap. J 1983: impact The S&S paper (later on confirmed by others!) had a big impact, leading to an increased interest in CR Phys and to the installation of the Kiel Array in a better place
1987: Kiel Array in ORM HEGRA site 1987 - I started working with Eckart in summer 1987
1987 -1992 More counters • MPI-Munich + UCM-Madrid 70 new Scintillator huts (1988) M. V. Fonseca + F. Arqueros Start spanish work in VHE • • Hamburg MPI-Munich + UCM-Madrid Wupperthal Heidelberg Scintillator Open PMTs (AIROBICC) Muon Towers Drift Chambers (CRT)
The HEGRA counters A bigger array 11 / 03 / 2010 J. L. Contreras 10
A test field for new techniques Scintillator and AIROBICC huts Scintillator detectors with a lead layer + open PMTs Cosmic Ray Tracking detector Drift chambers able to identify muons and measure their direction
n A test field for new techniques More ideas to test Telescope (System) Muon tower Scintillator Hut CLUE Container 23 / 03 / 2015 J. L. Contreras AIROBICC Hut 12
2000. The end of the counters • HEGRA counters were decommissioned in 2000. • They barely reached the sensitivity to detect hints of the Crab. • The interest in the telescopes stopped their development • TIBET, MILAGRO, HAWC are theirs. 23 / 03 / 2015 J. L. Contreras 13
The Hegra area was always very active, full of new ideas, testing new detectors, (no good output=> no problem=>others came into the game) The HEGRA telescopes
1991 -2003 The first telescopes • 1989: first detection by Whipple of Crab Nebula. • 1991: Proposal for the installation of Cherenkov Telescoeps in HEGRA. • 1992: CT 1: Fist IACT in HEGRA Installed. 1992: Crab detection • 1992 -1997: CT 2 -CT 6 Stereoscopic System of 5 Telescopes built. • CLUE telescopes for Ultraviolet light installed 1993 -1998
The HEGRA Telescopes
The Telescopes 11 / 03 / 2010 J. L. Contreras 17
• HEGRA telescopes highlights Stereoscopy observations sky search. Spectral info. • Discovery of Cas A as a likely surce of Cosmic Rays. • Te. V J 2032 the first unidentfied Te. V-source. • Five Blazars measured, MWL studies MAGIC + • M 87 CTA H. E. S. S 11 / 03 / 2010 J. L. Contreras 18
HEGRA Collaboration About 50 people 23 / 03 / 2015 J. L. Contreras 19
1995 • MPI Munich • UCM • IFAE, UB, UAB • Padova/Pisa + …. ……. Japan Brazil Yerevan ……. 2018 - The MAGIC Collaboration has now about 180 people
Spanish Groups in MAGIC gave birth to the Spanish VHE Community • UCM ( Madrid) • IFAE (Barcelona) • UAB (Barcelona) • • IEEC (Barcelona) UB (Barcelona) IAC (Tenerife) CIEMAT (Madrid) 1998 …. Astropar, Phys. M V. Fonseca 1998 … Particle Physics M. Martínez J. Cortina, J. Rico 2003 … Radiation Physics C. Baixeras, LL. Font 2006 … Astrophysics D. Torres 2006 … Astrophysics J. M. Paredes 2007 … Astrophysics R. García 2010 … Particle Physics C. Delgado There have been spaniards in all relevant positions: spokeman, vice-spokeman, chair of CB, etc …
MAGIC II (2008) Stereoscopic system. Twin system after an upgrade of both telescopes 3 x better sensitivity
Some Spanish contributions to MAGIC Calibration system Data center + Onsite processing Camera + Central pixel MC simulation & analysis software Control house J. L. Contreras Central telescope control 23
Testing new ideas: Fact
FACT n n n The first IACT with a Silicon PMs camera Operating @ ORM since 2011 Uses mechanics and optics left over from a HEGRA telescope (CT 3) Quasi-robotic operation AGN Monitoring.
FACT 23 / 03 / 2015 J. L. Contreras 26
Spain in CTA The Spanish VHE Community from MAGIC to CTA
Spanish Groups in CTA • IFAE (Barcelona) • • UCM-GAE ( Madrid) UB (Barcelona) CIEMAT (Madrid) UCM-ELEC (Madrid) IEEC (Barcelona) UAB (Barcelona) IAC (Tenerife) UJA (Jaén, Andalucía)
- Slides: 29