CE 463 Lecture 1 Transportation Systems CE 463

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CE 463 Lecture 1 Transportation Systems CE 463 Highway Transportation Characteristics Civil Engineering Purdue

CE 463 Lecture 1 Transportation Systems CE 463 Highway Transportation Characteristics Civil Engineering Purdue University

Outline Transportation system Definition Major modes Modal shares Highway system Highway transportation engineering Governmental

Outline Transportation system Definition Major modes Modal shares Highway system Highway transportation engineering Governmental control National regulations Funding

Transportation System Definition of Transportation Modes • A transportation system is an infrastructure that

Transportation System Definition of Transportation Modes • A transportation system is an infrastructure that serves to move people and goods efficiently. The transportation system consists of fixed facilities, flow entities, and a control component. • Efficient = safe, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical, environmentally compatible.

Oil Consumption Notes: 2002 data are revised from previous editions. 2003 data are preliminary.

Oil Consumption Notes: 2002 data are revised from previous editions. 2003 data are preliminary. Source: U. S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Review 2003 (Washington, DC: September 2004), tables 5. 13 a-d.

Transportation System Major transportation subsystems • Land transportation: highway, rail • Air transportation: domestic,

Transportation System Major transportation subsystems • Land transportation: highway, rail • Air transportation: domestic, international • Water transportation: inland, coastal, ocean • Pipelines: oil, gas, other

Transportation Modal Share U. S. Ton-Miles of Freight (Millions) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Transportation Modal Share U. S. Ton-Miles of Freight (Millions) 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 4, 528 5, 156 9, 064 12, 520 14, 983 15, 707 Highway 555, 000 610, 000 735, 000 921, 000 1, 074, 000 U Rail Domestic water Pipelines 918, 958 876, 984 1, 033, 969 1, 305, 688 1, 465, 960 1, 696, 425 921, 836 892, 970 833, 544 807, 728 645, 799 591, 277 588, 200 564, 300 584, 100 601, 100 577, 300 U Mode Air Source: Bureau of Transportation Statistics at http: //www. bts. gov/publications/national_transportation_statistics U. S. Passenger-Miles (Millions) Mode Air Highway Rail 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 219, 068 290, 136 358, 873 414, 688 531, 329 583, 689 2, 693, 364 3, 052, 534 3, 602, 352 3, 907, 878 4, 437, 742 4, 934, 237 4, 503 4, 825 6, 057 5, 545 5, 498 5, 381 Source: Bureau of Transportation Statistics at http: // www. bts. gov/publications/national_transportation_statistics

Transportation Safety Transportation Fatalities by Mode 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Air 1,

Transportation Safety Transportation Fatalities by Mode 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Air 1, 382 1, 595 866 964 764 603 Highway 51, 091 43, 825 44, 599 41, 817 41, 945 43, 510 Railroad 1, 417 1, 036 1, 297 1, 146 937 887 Water 1, 847 1, 377 1, 051 1, 016 888 777 19 33 9 21 38 16 Pipeline Source: Bureau of Transportation Statistics at http: //www. bts. gov/publications/national_transportation_statistics

Highway Transportation System • Fixed facilities: roads, intersections, interchanges, service stations, etc. • Flow

Highway Transportation System • Fixed facilities: roads, intersections, interchanges, service stations, etc. • Flow entities: passenger cars, buses, trucks, pedestrians, etc. • Control component: highway administration, local transportation agencies, transportation engineering.

Highway Transportation Engineering • Definition The application of technology and scientific principles to the

Highway Transportation Engineering • Definition The application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation, and management of roads, streets and highways, their networks, terminals, abutting lands, and relationships with other modes of transportation. • Areas of highway transportation engineering: – Planning of streets and highways – Geometric design of road facilities – Traffic operations and control – Traffic safety – Maintenance of road facilities and controls

Governmental Impact • National Regulations – National model of a Manual of Uniform Traffic

Governmental Impact • National Regulations – National model of a Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices – Speed limits – Right turn on red – Minimum drinking age of 21 – National architecture of ITS (standards) – Automobile safety standards – Air-emission-pollution standards – Engine-efficiency standards

Governmental Impact • Federal funding of the highway system. Since 1956, 32, 300 miles

Governmental Impact • Federal funding of the highway system. Since 1956, 32, 300 miles of new Interstate highways were built by 1983. – Federal-Aid Highway Act – Highway Trust Fund – Federal funding (TEA-21: Transportation Equity Act for the 21 st Century, SAFETY-LU) Grants are generally made to State and local governments, with a lesser amount going to Indian tribes, universities, and nonprofit organizations. These grants are normally used to assist these entities in the planning, design, and construction of transportation improvements (e. g. , highway, transit, and airport improvements).

Previous Transportation Bill (TEA-21) New Transportation Bill (SAFETY-LU)

Previous Transportation Bill (TEA-21) New Transportation Bill (SAFETY-LU)