CE 401 CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT Safety in Construction 1

CE 401 – CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT Safety in Construction 1 L-1

Running a Construction site

What you need to know as a busy builder You are responsible for health and safety – even if you don’t directly employ the people working on your site • Give enough time to planning organising and controlling the work • Check what is actually happening, and stop dangerous practices • Think about health as well as safety risks

Construction Safety

Initiative : Target: ZERO Focus on safety in the workplace, on construction sites, and with the traveling public to assure ZERO tolerance for any safety hazard.

Focus on Workplace Safety & Health Policy Organizational S & H work plan Worksite safety audits Safety training programs

Protect workers and the public • Keep your site clean and tidy, with clear space for people to work in • Keep people, including the public, away from danger • Fence the site off and use warning signs

What you need to know as a busy builder – protect workers and the public • Keep your site clean and tidy, with clear space for people to work in • Keep people, including the public, away from danger

Structures and excavations • Make sure walls and structures are kept in safe condition • Plan demolition work properly, and write it down • Make sure trenches and excavations can’t collapse and people can’t fall in

What you need to know as a busy builder – structures and excavations • Make sure walls and structures are kept in safe condition

Work at height • AVOID work at height if you can • PREVENT falls – use the proper gear, such as scaffolds or cherry pickers • MINIMISE the chances of people being hurt if they fall – use nets or crash bags • Ladders can be used for ACCESS, but working from ladders allowed only as last resort

What you need to know as a busy builder – work at height • Minimise the chances of people being hurt if they fall – use nets or crash bags

What you need to know as a busy builder – work at height • working from ladders allowed only as last resort

Manual handling • Prevent unnecessary lifting and carrying • Choose lighter materials, smaller bags of cement and aggregates • Use trolleys, hoists or telehandlers • Avoid repetitive laying of heavy building blocks and installing heavy lintels by hand

What you need to know as a busy builder – manual handling • Prevent unnecessary lifting and carrying

What you need to know as a busy builder – manual handling • Use trolleys, hoists or telehandlers

Electricity and power • Use low voltage systems or battery-operated power tools, and make sure these are inspected regularly • Make sure connections to the system are properly made and suitable plugs used • Cables and leads in good condition and protected from damage • Locate hidden cables and other services, and mark on plans

What you need to know as a busy builder – electricity and power • Cables and leads in good condition and protected from damage

What you need to know as a busy builder – electricity and power • Connections to the system are properly made and suitable plugs used

Welfare facilities Provide on-site or nearby: • Clean and working toilets • Washbasins with hot and cold running water, large enough to wash hands, face and forearms • Soap and towels • Drinking water, and cups if needed • Rest area to sit, make hot drinks and eat

What you need to know as a busy builder – welfare facilities

Heavy Equipment Operation and Your Personal Safety

• Heavy equipment is vital to getting the job done. • From time to time many, if not all of these machines, operate close to workers on foot. 26

Today’s Situation Being struck by or caught in-between are two of the leading causes of injuries and fatalities on construction and maintenance work sites. STRUCK BY (22%) CAUGHT IN-BETWEEN (18%) 27

OSHA Study of Top 5 Highway/ Heavy Contractor Fatalities 1. Construction equipment backed over a worker on foot. • In some cases, the victim was the signal person. • Some accidents occurred even though the backup alarm was working properly. 2. Employee hit by motorist. • Traffic lanes not closed to the public. • Vehicle jumped over the concrete barrier. 28

OSHA Study of Top 5 Highway/ Heavy Contractor Fatalities 3. Construction equipment ran forward over an employee. • May have involved employees jumping or falling off vehicles. 4. Machine rolled over and crushed employee – lack of ROPS(rollover protection system) or no seat belt in use. 5. Equipment hit overhead power line. 29

# 1 Citation No backup alarm on equipment with an obstructed view to the rear. • Most fatalities are the result of equipment running over employees. • Constant signals may be “tuned out” and ignored because they become part of the work environment. 30

Common Citations Working under hydraulicsupported equipment. • Employees crushed when hydraulics failed on front-end loaders and dump trucks. • Lockout program – use 4 x 4 blocks or a bed prop in case of hydraulic failure. 31

Common Citations Horn not working. • Provide a signal before equipment starts to back up. • Useful when equipment loses braking power. • Alert other operators to prevent equipment from backing into each other. 32

Common Citations Equipment closer than 10 feet from power lines. • Includes skid steer loaders, power concrete pumpers, dump trucks, cranes, gradalls, backhoes. • All types of equipment with articulated booms. 33

General Hazards • Striking people and collision with other equipment. • Pinch points between equipment and objects. Worker pinned under equipment 34

More General Hazards • Injuries to operators jumping out of the cab. • Being struck by limbs of trees or other overhead obstructions, and by moving equipment. Risk of Hitting Power Line 35 Nearby Power Lines and Trees

Working Around Vehicles and Heavy Equipment • On-foot workers should be trained to work safely around the equipment • Wear high visibility clothing • Do not assume operators can see you • Signal person may be used to assist the operator • Good communication is essential • Use standardized hand signals • Use walkie-talkies (two-way-radios) This worker is clearly visible!

View From The Operator’s Seat 37

Safety Within the Work Zone: Internal Traffic Control Plans Paving Model Plan – Traffic Adjacent The purpose of an Internal Traffic Control Plan is to control the flow of construction vehicles, equipment, and workers inside a busy work zone. Establishing a predictable pattern of movement minimizes the need for backing up limits exposure of workers on foot to construction traffic and will reduce the risk of injury or death. 38

Safety Within the Work Zone: Internal Traffic Control Plan • Control the flow of equipment traffic to minimize backing within the work zone. • Establishes procedures for entering and exiting the work zone. • Distance to change lanes and decelerate into the work zone. • Distance to accelerate into high speed traffic when leaving the work zone. • Restrict access points into work areas. • Design buffer spaces to protect pedestrians from errant vehicles or work zone equipment. • Provide signs within the work zone to direct and guide pedestrians and equipment operators. 39

Safety Issues • Understand follow the job site safety plan. 40

Start Every Work Day the Safe Way Analyze the work to be done. Identify the critical safety procedures. Decide what personal protective equipment is required.

Start Every Work Day the Safe Way Step back 2 yards for 2 minutes and ask yourself: “Am I focused and have I identified all the hazards? ”

Construction Safety

In conclusion You are responsible for health and safety – even if you don’t directly employ the people working on your site, so - • • • Give enough time to planning, organising and controlling the work Check what is actually happening, and stop dangerous practices Think about health as well as safety risks

In conclusion You are responsible for health and safety – even if you don’t directly employ the people working on your site, so - • • • Give enough time to planning, organising and controlling the work Check what is actually happening, and stop dangerous practices Think about health as well as safety risks

What Not To Do https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ERe. Ah. KH 2 zv. U