CE 3372 WATER SYSTEMS DESIGN PROJECT SUPPLEMENT 3

CE 3372 WATER SYSTEMS DESIGN PROJECT SUPPLEMENT #3: DEVELOPMENT PROCESS, DRAWINGS, AND MAPS

DEVELOPMENT PROCESS n. Developer/Municipality/Agency n. Design n. Engineering Firm n Feasibility Analysis n Preliminary Design/Report n. Final Design/Report n. Construction n. Advertise n. Bid n. Operation

DRAWINGS, MAPS, REPORTS • Drawings • Water Distribution • Storm Drain • Wastewater Collection • Maps • Making Topographic Maps • Quick. Grid • Auto. CAD • Reports

ENGINEERING DRAWINGS • Water System Plans are communicated in drawings as well as reports • The general notes and detail notes are important parts of the drawings • Look at 3 Examples: • Water Distribution • Sanitary Collection • Storm Drain

WATER DISTRIBUTION • Examine the water line plan and profile • Water. Line. Plan. Profile. PDF [Make a hyperlink]

SANITARY SEWER COLLECTION • Examine the sanitary sewer plan and profile • Sanitary. Sewer. Plan. Profile. PDF

STORMWATER COLLECTION • Examine the storm water plan and profile • Storm. Sewer. Plan. Profile. PDF

MAPS • Navigational Maps • Examples from USAF SERE Manual • Plat Maps • Boundary survey – identifies areas on surface of Earth for “ownership” purposes • Topographic Maps • Elevation maps • Used because water flows downhill

TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS • 2 D Representations of 3 D Surfaces • Watershed delineation • Trenching specification • Grading design • Oil exploration • • Similar concepts in subsurface: oil/gas/aquifer pressure/head maps Similar concepts in atmospheric: rainfall contour plots

TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS • Water Systems Orthographic View

TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS • Water Systems Elevation (Profile) View

TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS • Elevations are vital in the hydraulics: • Used to size pipes • Account for head losses • Locate pumps • “Hit” outfall elevation

HOW TO BUILD TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS • Assume have x, y, z values at several locations in the region of interest

HOW TO BUILD TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS • “Pass” a surface through these points (like 3 D least squares)

HOW TO BUILD TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS • General practice is to “grid” the data

HOW TO BUILD TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS • The surface of the gridded data approximates the topography • Level sets from this surface are contour lines • Plot of all selected level sets is the contour map for the region of interest

HOW TO BUILD TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS • Once we have the “grid” offsets are straightforward to obtain using grid arithmetic

EXAMPLE (OF FITTING A SURFACE)

EXAMPLE (OF FITTING A SURFACE)

EXAMPLE (OF FITTING A SURFACE)

EXAMPLE (OF FITTING A SURFACE)

BUILDING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS • In practice we usually don’t fit “equations” through the observations – topographic information is usually too complex for such application • Instead variants of linear interpolation are employed (e. g. kriging; inverse-distance)

BUILDING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS • Tools: • Auto. CAD has topographic (gridding) capability • Arc. GIS has topographic capability • Nice summary at: • http: //vterrain. org/Elevation/contour. html • An example using “quickgrid” (freeware) follows

BUILD A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP • Suppose one has elevation information for the subdivision shown below.

BUILD A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP • The point (0, 0) is the lower left hand corner. • X and Y distances are in inches on a scaled map, Z values are feet above some datum.

BUILD A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP • Use a program to generate a grid and the level sets (contour map).

BUILD A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP • Use a program to generate a grid and the level sets (contour map).