Caves of Lascaux France c 28 000 B

Caves of Lascaux France c. 28, 000 B. C. E. The Painted Gallery

Caves of Lascaux France c. 28, 000 B. C. E. Shaft of the Dead Man

Stonehenge 3, 100 B. C. E. Wiltshire England

Skara Brae c. 3, 000 B. C. E. Scotland Orkney Mainland

Teotihuacan c. 300 -700 C. E. Mexico City Mexico

Great Enclosure c. 1000 C. E. Zimbabwe

Machu Pichu c. 1200 C. E. Peru Cuzco

mastaba • sepulchral structure built above ground • elaboration of pre-dynastic burial-pit & mound form • generally rectangular in plan with a flat roof and inward-sloping walls • built of brick and faced with limestone slabs

Structural Conservatism • angle of repose—natural “structure” of earth when piled • battered—or has a slope • Skiomorphosis - describes that process whereby a form is invented in one material as a response to the physical properties of that material and then transferred to another material whose properties do not demand that form

Temple Complex at Karnac

Axial Planning Additive Construction

Temple of Amon at Karnac

Hypostyle Hall Latin: hypo-inside, style-column

Applied Polychromy

HIEROGLYPHICS Bas (Low) Relief Carving Incised Carving

Egyptians credited with inventing wood joinery

Bedroom Suite of Queen Hetepheres, c. 2300 BCE Wood encased in gold; loose cushions covered in cotton, painted leather, metallic cloth

Folding Bed, Middle Kingdom

Stool from the tomb of Tutankhamun, c. 1352 BCE

Shrine Shaped Box, Old Kingdom

• Lotus Blossom • Reeds • Zoomorphic furniture • Impost Block

Octopus Flask, Late Minoan, Crete 1580 -1100 BCE

Ladies in Blue Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete, c. 1700 -1450 BC

Prince with the Lilies • wearing the Minoan cod-piece • superb crown of lilies and peacock's feathers • may have been leading some sacred animal with his left hand • Palace of Knossos: Late 15 th century BCE

Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete, c. 1700 -1450 BCE

Lightwell with inverse tapered columns, Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete, c. 1700 -1450 BCE

Throne Room, Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete, c. 1700 -1450 BCE

Throne Chair Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete, c. 1700 -1450 BCE

Queen’s Megaron, Palace of King Minos at Knossos, Crete, c. 17001450 BCE

Greek Motifs Honeysuckle Acanthus Leaf

Greek Motifs Guilloche Greek Key or Fret

The Warrior Krater, Mycenae, c. 1000 BCE

Reconstruction of Mycenae, c. 1400 -1200

Megaron Brazier Vestibule Porch

plan of a Mycenaean Megaron

reconstruction of a Mycenaean Megaron

The Parthenon atop the Acropolis, Iktinus and Kallicrates, 5 th century BCE

The Parthenon atop the Acropolis, Iktinus and Kallicrates, 5 th century BCE

Pediment the three parts of a Greek temple Column Base

Capital Shaft Base

Capital Shaft Base Doric Ionic Corinthian (male— 6: 1) (older female— 8: 1) (young female— 9: 1)

Cornice Frieze Architrave

Cornice Frieze Metopes / Triglyphs Architrave Entablature

front elevations of the Temple of Athena and the Temple of Apollo

Klismos (chair), T. H. Robsjohn. Gibbings, 1930 s

Kline

Trapeza (table), 5 th century BCE

Kibotos (chest) century BCE th 5

kline trapeza brazier typical arrangement of a triclinium lamp

early Greek fresco depicting a dining scene kline (couch) trapeza (table) kylix (drinking vessel)