Causes Effects of World War I The Great

Causes & Effects of World War I: The Great War 1914 to 1918 Grade Level: 9 By: Jeanetta Lesko 3/16/15

Expectations of Lesson: ▪ Students obtain general knowledge of the First World War. ▪ Specify the causes and effects of the First World War. ▪ Expand the correlation behind each Country’s involvement. ▪ Specify ending of the First World War. ▪ Students are able to identify all major aspects of the First World War.

Causes of the Great War: The First World War, also known as the Great War, began with the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand wife Sophie while visiting in Bosnia. The Black Hands, a Serbian Terrorist group (wanted freedom from Austria), were responsible for the attack. Afterwards, word spreads quickly of Serbian Government support of the Black Hands causing an uproar. As a result Austria begins to mobilize.

Battling Countries: The Central Powers: The Allies: 1. Austrian/ Hungarian Empire 1. Great Britain 2. Germany 3. Ottoman Empire 4. Bulgaria 2. France 3. Russia 4. Italy 5. United States (joined in 1917)

Rocky Waters: Once Russia mobilizes, then Germany does, as a result war is declared. At the time Britain had the most powerful Navy, Germany used this as a tool, unexpected attacks on U-Boats, not only affects Great Britain but the U. S. also. These ships not only carried cargo but civilians. Woodrow Wilson, U. S. President, demands Germans to flip their policy to limit Submarine warfare or the U. S. will cut diplomatic ties this is formally known as the Sussex Pledge. Germans accept Wilson’s pledge. However Spring of 1917, Germany defies Sussex Pledge, they sink 600 -900, 000 tons of supplies leaving Britain on the verge of starvation as a result they surrender. U. S. cuts ties but does not declare war yet. Zimmerman Telegraph: From German Prime Minister to Mexico City. This was a secret message asking for a Military alliance and to mobilize in Mexico and invade the American Southwest. Their thank you to Mexico for cooperation is to acquire their lost territory from the U. S. British crack the code and notify Woodrow Wilson. Since this posed an immediate threat to U. S. Security and the American people, on April 2, 1917 Wilson asks Congress for a declaration of war.

U. S. Enter the Warzone: The U. S. was not prepared for war. They were poorly equipped and had a small army of 200, 000 that is including Officers and National Guards. U. S. had 3 Key Challenges: increase the size of their Army, transportation of supplies, provide war materials such as uniforms & military supplies. General Jack Pershing was in charge of ground troops. Pershing’s greatest success was acting as an independent military force although they still held loyalty to the Allies. Link: http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=XR cg. t 2 oj. Kc

Ending Results: More Effects: More Causes: Spring 1918: the German’s launch their last attempt to invade France and break through the Western Front. -> The American Expenditary Force holds their position and is a major contribution to the war. They succeed. Wilson wants to make a moral peace plan to secure world peace calling it the Fourteen Points. -> Wilson’s Fourteen Points plan falls through. He does however secure the League of Nations an international peace organization. The Treaty of Versailles is created. -> Germany signs the peace treaty to end the war. They sign their acknowledgement of the ending and also that they take full responsibility of war guilt. Link: https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Lib hv. Py. Cxy

External Links & Exercises: QUICK VIDEO QUIZ: HOW WELL DO YOU KNOW WORLD WAR 1? : Link: https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ne 9 BHYqb. Hq. Y Prisoners of War Game: Link: www. oercommons. org/courses/peace-games-prisoners-of-war 2/view

The Ending of the Great War: November 11, 1918

Credits: Army, U. (2009, November 11). Map of the Western Front. Retrieved March 7, 2015, from commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Western_Front_Somme_focus. jpg Austrian Troops Marching Up Mt Zion. (2008, June 13). Retrieved March 3, 2015, from commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/Category: World_War_I_Forces_of_Austria. Hungary#/media/Files: Austrian_troops_marching_up_Mt. _Zion_1916. JPG Brother's, P. (2009, October 29). President Woodrow Wilson Portrait. Retrieved March 3, 2015, from commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_december_2_1912. jpg Moore, W. , & Russell, J. (2012, January 7). American Troops Along a Road During World War I. Retrieved March 6, 2015, from commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/World_War_1#/media/File: American_Troops_walking_along_a_road_during _world_war_1. JPG Stunning World War 1 Combat Footage [Motion picture]. (2014). United States: Youtube. 4 M-A-I-N Causes of World War 1 in 6 Minutes [Motion picture]. (2014). United Kingdom: Youtube. WW! Quiz: How Well Do You Know Your World War 1? [Motion picture]. (2014). United Kingdom: Youtube.