CAUSE AND EFFECT PROBLEM SOLUTION Essay The author

CAUSE AND EFFECT PROBLEM / SOLUTION Essay

� The author lists one or more causes or events and the resulting consequences or effects. � Effect= what happened? � Cause= What made it happen? � The purpose is to explain why or how something happened, exists, or works.

Essays usually focus on the cause or the effect. � Your hobby may be tropical fish. You emphasize the causes. � Wanted a pet but allergic to fur � Fascinated with an aquarium at the doctor’s office � Your aunt gave you two goldfish and a bowl � If you focus on the effect, you might be writing on how your interest in tropical fish led to your majoring in marine biology.

Cause and Effect Organizational pattern effect Caus e effect

Cause and Effect Organizational Patterns Effect Caus e

Signal Words � � � Because As Since Consequently Caused Inspired Led to Begin So Therefore Onset If-then because of as a result of reasons why result caused by influenced by leads or leads to effects of outcome impact reasons for in order to brought on by

Problem and Solution � The author states a problem and lists one or more possible solutions to the problem. � The author states several problems and then writes about a possible solution. � May also include the pros and cons for the solutions.

Problem/Solution Organizational pattern solution

Problem/Solution Organizational Pattern problem Solution

Signal Words � � � � � Problem is conclusion Dilemma is one challenge Solved solution is Question issue Answer possible answer Because therefore Since if…then, thus This led to this let to, so that The main difficulty therefore One possible a potential alternative is