Catholics and Protestants The FallOut 1500 and 1600

Catholics and Protestants

The Fall-Out • 1500 and 1600 Catholic Church set out to defeat the Protestantism (Counter. Reformation) • Bloody wars between Catholics/Protestant • 1648 Germanic Europe/Protestant; Most of Latin Europe remained Catholic

Trent • • • Pope Paul III Church Council Meetings for 20 years Make beliefs clear Strict rules on how bishops and priest should behave • Instruct people about faith

Seminary A special school for training and educating priests

Jesuits The Society of Jesus Ignatius of Loyola

Heresy Religious belief that contradicts what the church says is true

Calvinism in France • Huguenots • Bourbon Family • Navarre (Next in line for the throne of France) 7% • Charles 10 years old • Catherin de’ Medici • 30 years between Protestants and Catholics

Henry of Navarre • Becomes ruler of France • War Continues • He won most of the battles, but could not capture Paris • He decided to become Catholic…so the people would accept him as King • Catholicism official, but Huguenots had the right to worship freely “Edict of Nantes”

30 Years War • Czech Republic (Bohemia) • 1618 -1648 • France, Sweden, Denmark, England, and the Netherlands( Protestants) • Spain and the Holy Roman Empire backed the Catholics • The end of the war weakened Spain and made France powerful

Spainish Reformation • Young Nation, wanted to be catholic because that would keep citizens loyal • Ferdinand Isabella • Muslims: harmony, non-Muslims paid taxes • Convert or leave • Investigated beliefs

Tomas de Torquemada Tortures for confession of guilt Charges to eliminate enemies Executed 2000 Spaniards

English Reformation • • Henry VIII Married 6 queens 2 were beheaded Wanted marriage to Catherine annuled( or canceled) • Catherine was daughter of Ferdinand Isabella • Spain was the strongest Catholic Kingdom at the time • Pope refused to annul marriage • Henry had marriage annuled by archbishop • Pope kicks henry out of the church

English continued • Act of Supremacy, king not the pope the head of the English church • Everyone that was loyal lived, and received land, those who were not were executed • Church of England was known as the Anglican Church

Mary I • Returned the Catholic Church to England arrested those who opposed her • She burned 300 people at the stake • Thus becoming “Bloody Mary” • She ruled for five years and then died

Elizabeth I • She was a Protestant • She restored the Anglican Church and went on to become one of the greatest rulers in English history

Puritans • They began to demand that the Anglican Church give up their catholic ways • Elizabeth I tolerated them • James I and Charles I did not • Many puritans decided to move to America to practice their religion freely • Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island