Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew WELCOME to CBI-Orange Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 The Synoptic Problem & The Gospel according to Matthew

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Opening SONG: Seek Ye First (by Karen Lafferty)

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Song: Whatsoever You Do

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Aland, Synopsis 4 Gospels, p. 61

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Daily Schedule (Green HO from Aug. ) 8: 00 [Saturday Mass in Sacred Heart Chapel – optional] 8: 30 8: 55 9: 00 10: 15 10: 30 12: 00 1: 00 2: 15 2: 30 3: 45 4: 00 Gathering; Handouts; Refreshments Welcome & Opening Prayer Session 1 (10: 00 Q&A and/or Table-Group Discussions) Break Session 2 (11: 30 Q&A and/or Table-Group Discussions) Lunch Session 3 (2: 00 Q&A and/or Table-Group Discussions) Break Session 4 (3: 30 Q&A and/or Table-Group Discussions) Final Announcements & Closing Prayer Clean-up & Departure

Group Facilitators & Contributions • Blue HO from Sept. (front): • Role of the Facilitator • Readers for CBI Groups • Maggie (green); Fiona (blue) • Maureen (pink); Randy (gray) • Blue HO, back: • Sacred Space, Opening Prayer, Closing Prayer • Morning Refreshments: Light Snacks (healthy? ) • (Coffee, Tea, Water will be provided each month)

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Year 1 Syllabus (Salmon HO from Aug. ) Reflection Paper: was due Oct. 1, e-mailed to your reader: • On Mark 5, or Mark 7, or Mark 13 • Detailed Guidelines on Yellow HO from Sept. Readings for Today, Oct. 22: Gospel acc. to Matthew • BIBLE: The Gospel acc. to Matthew (all 28 chaps. ) • BROWN: Chap. 6 B (pp. 111 -122) and Ch. 8; also skim Ch. 4&5 (as time permits)

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Biblical References (Orientation HO, pg. 11) http: //catholicresources. org/Bible/Biblical_References. htm • Have you read the parables of Jesus, such as the famous parable of • • the Good Samaritan (Luke 10: 30 -37)? The Gospel according to Mark is the first Christian text that uses the word "gospel" or "good news" (1: 1). The death of Jesus is briefly but powerfully described in the Fourth Gospel: "When Jesus had received the wine, he said, 'It is finished. ' Then he bowed his head and gave up his spirit" (John 19: 30). Matthew usually uses the phrase "Kingdom of Heaven" rather than "Kingdom of God" (e. g. , Matt 3: 2; 4: 17; 5: 3; etc. ; but cf. 6: 33; 12: 28; 19: 24; 21: 31, 43). The feeding of the 5000 is found in all four canonical Gospels (Mark 6: 32 -44; par. Matt 14: 13 -21; Luke 9: 10 b-17; John 6: 1 -15).

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Review: “Four-fold Role” of Evangelists • Selectors – from among the many things Jesus said and did, they chose which stories they wanted to include and which to omit. • Arrangers – they organized materials in a particular sequence, not necessarily chronologically but often in thematic blocks. • Shapers – they adapted and edited the individual stories from their sources so as to emphasize themes they wanted to stress. • Proclaimers – they were not objective historians,

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Session 1: “Synoptic Problem” • Today’s HO packet, pp. 3 -4; R. Brown, chap. 6 • Historical & Literary Relationships between Matthew, Mark, and Luke • What’s the “Problem” with the Synoptics? • Similarities are so great (identical wording in Greek for long stretches); can’t be explained merely by common “Oral Tradition” • Must be SOME “Literary Dependence”

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Examples: Matthew = Luke 6: 41 -42 (Aland p. 69) • "Why do you look at the speck that is in your brother's eye, but do notice the log that is in your own eye? 42 How can you say to your brother, ‘Brother, let me take out the speck that is in your eye, ’ when yourself do not see the log that is in your own eye? You hypocrite, first take the log out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to take out the speck that is in your brother's eye. " Matt 7: 3 -5 • "Why do you look at the speck that is in your brother's eye, but do notice the log that is in your eye? 4 Or how do you say to your brother, ‘Let me take the speck out of your eye, ’ and behold, the log is in your own eye? 5 You hypocrite, first take the log out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to take the speck out of your brother's eye. "

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Examples: Matthew = Luke 10: 13 -15 (Aland p. 166) • "Woe to you, Korazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. 14 Indeed it will be more bearable for Tyre and Sidon at the judgment than for you. 15 And you, Capernaum, will you be lifted up to the skies? No, you will go down to Hades. Matt 11: 21 -23 • "Woe to you, Korazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! If the miracles that were performed in you had been performed in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. 22 But I tell you, it will be more bearable for Tyre and Sidon on the day of judgment than for you. 23 And you, Capernaum, will you be lifted up to the skies? No, you will go down to Hades.

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Examples: Matthew = Luke 13: 34 -35 (Aland p. 191) • "O Jerusalem, the city that kills the prophets and stones those sent to her! How often I wanted to gather (episunagagein) your children together, just as a hen gathers her brood under her wings, and you would not have it! 35 Behold, your house is left to you desolate; for I say to you, from now on you will not see me until you say, ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord’. " Matt 23: 37 -39 • "Jerusalem, who kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to her! How often I wanted to gather (episunaxai) your children together, the way a hen her own chicks under her wings, and you were unwilling. 38 Behold, your house is being left to you desolate! 39 But I say to you, you will not see me until the time comes when you say, ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord’. "

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Synoptic Problem • Solutions proposed for Synoptic Problem • Traditional/Augustinian Hypothesis • Griesbach/Two-Gospel Hypothesis • Farrer/Goulder Hypothesis (posits Markan Priority) • Most Commonly Accepted Theory Today: • Four-Source Theory • (a. k. a. Two-Document Hypothesis)

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Synoptic Problem: Theories • Traditional / Augustinian Hypothesis

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Synoptic Problem: Theories • Griesbach / Two-Gospel Hypothesis

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Synoptic Problem: Theories • Farrer / Goulder Hypothesis

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Most Common Theory Today: • Four-Source Theory (a. k. a. Two-Document Hypothesis)

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Synoptic Problem: ISSUES • “Markan Priority” • Mark is the OLDEST complete Gospel • Proposed Contents of Q: “Quelle” • See FJ website; or R. Brown, pp. 118 -119 • Objections against “Q-Source” • And Counter-Arguments • Why Was Mark Preserved? • “Gospel of Peter” & “Gospel of Rome”

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew COLOR ANALYSIS of Synoptics • Single Traditions: use Primary Colors: • RED = Matthew • YELLOW = Mark • BLUE = Luke • Double Traditions (only Two Gospels) • Orange, Green, Purple • Triple Tradition (all Three Synoptics) • Black/Grey: (sometimes also John)

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Session 1: Synoptic Problem • Analyzing Gospel Parallels, using Synopsis of the Four Gospels, by Kurt Aland (ABS) • Recommended Readings: • Index, p. 343 – Sermon on the Mount • Texts, pp. 49 -64 – Sermon on the Mount • Index, p. 352 – Eschatological Discourse

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Faith-Sharing Guidelines (Gold HO) “Ten Commandments” – for SPEAKING and LISTENING 1. See Jesus in every member of your group. 2. Love each member just as she or he is today. 3. Treat everyone as well as you want them to treat you (the “Golden Rule”). 4. Share only what God is revealing to you about yourself and your own life. 5. Allow each person equal time to share with the group, but don’t force anyone. 6. Be courteous of one another. Allow each person to speak without interruption. 7. Listening is even more important than speaking (we have two ears, one mouth). 8. Do not try to solve another person’s problems. Do not teach, preach, judge, condemn, or give advice. Just listen and offer

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Table-Group Discussions What difference does knowing the ORDER of the Gospel composition make to our understanding of Matthew’s Gospel?

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Session 2: Intro to Matthew • Matthew’s Gospel: Outline / Overview / Literary Features • Christology in Matthew: Son of David, Son of Abraham, Teacher/Lawgiver like Moses • Discipleship in Matthew: Learning and Living according to Jesus’ Teachings • Five Great Speeches of Jesus in Matthew’s Gospel • The Sermon on the Mount (Matt 5– 7)

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Initial Sharing in Pairs • Turn to ONE neighbor (or at most two), and briefly share: • What were your overall impressions as you read ALL of Matthew’s Gospel? • What stood out for you or surprised you? • How did reading this Gospel affect you?

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew in Lectionary (no new HO) • Most Sundays of Year A (pg. 3 of Sept. HO) • Not just Ord. Time; but also most Liturgical “Seasons” (Advent, Christmas, Lent, Easter) • Parts omitted on Sundays are mostly used on weekdays

Matthew’s Gospel in the Lectionary for Mass n Sundays of Ordinary Time (Year A): n n n semi-continuous readings from Matthew selections from Chapters 3 to 25 Sundays of Advent (Year A): n n 1 st Sunday - Matt 24: 37 -44 (Apocalyptic) 2 nd Sunday - Matt 3: 1 -12 (John the Baptist) 3 rd Sunday - Matt 11: 2 -11 (John the Baptist) 4 th Sunday - Matt 1: 18 -24 (Joseph’s dreams)

Matthew’s Gospel in the Lectionary n During the Christmas Season: n n n Christmas Vigil (ABC) - Matt 1: 1 -25 Holy Family (A) - Matt 2: 13 -15, 19 -23 Epiphany (ABC) - Matt 2: 1 -12 Baptism of Lord (A) - Matt 3: 13 -17 Early in the Season of Lent (Year A): n n 1 st Sunday - Matt 4: 1 -11 (Temptations) 2 nd Sunday - Matt 17: 1 -9 (Transfiguration)

Matthew’s Gospel in the Lectionary n Holy Week (Year A): n Palm Sunday: Procession with Palms Matt 21: 1 -11 “Son of David” enters into Jerusalem n Palm Sunday: Passion Proclamation Matt 26: 14– 27: 66 (or Matt 27: 11 -54) Most of Matthew’s Passion Narrative

Matthew’s Gospel in the Lectionary n Easter Triduum (Year A): n n Easter Vigil – Matt 28: 1 -10 Women go the tomb, find it empty; Jesus appears to them on the way back Easter Season (Year A): n Ascension of the Lord – Matt 28: 16 -20 Jesus’ appears to the disciples, on a mountain in Galilee (but doesn’t ascend!)

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew: Outline & Contents (p. 2) Genealogy & Infancy Narrative: Matt 1– 2 Narrative (mostly): Matt 3– 4 First Discourse: "Sermon on Mount": Matt 5– 7 Narrative (mostly): Matt 8– 9 Second Discourse: "Missionary Instructions": Matt 10 Narrative (mostly): Matt 11– 12 Third Discourse: "Parables Collection": Matt 13 Narrative (mostly): Matt 14– 17 Fourth Discourse: "Community

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew 4 Gospels: Comparative Charts • Full-color handout (from Sept. ): • Mark = Yellow • Matthew = Red • Luke = Blue • John = Grey (or Brown) • Study Vertically and Horizontally • Vertically: focus on each Gospel separately • Horizontally: compare features in 4 Gospels

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew: Composition History Q’s • Attributed author: tax collector & apostle (Mark 3: 18; Matt 9: 9; 10: 3; Luke 6: 15; Acts 1: 13) • Implied author: bilingual (Aramaic & Greek) early Jewish Christian; trained “scribe” of 13: 52? • Audience: educated Jews who already believe in Jesus, but argue over the proper interpretation of the Law • Location: possibly Galilee; probably in/near Antioch in Syria • Date: late 70’s or 80’s (core text by Matthew himself in 50’s? ) • Sub-genre: a book of “heritage” (1: 1) with much “teaching” (28: 20) • Purpose: to teach a community that is experiencing internal divisions and external enemies

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew’s SOURCES (HO, p. 5) • Old Testament • Gosp. MARK • Q-Source (Quelle, or “Sayings Source”) • “Sayings of the Lord” (written by Matthew) • Other “M” Materials (oral and/or written)

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew’s Use of Mark’s Gospel • RETAINS overall geographical outline • RETAINS most of the contents • IMPROVES grammar and writing style • CORRECTS historical inaccuracies • REARRANGES materials differently • ADDS much new material • Both Narrative (stories) & Discourse (teachings) • Material Unique to Matthew (HO, p. 2)

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew: Literary Features (p. 6) • “Fulfillment” of Hebrew Scriptures • See HO, pp. 9 -12 • Improves portraits of Jesus’ Disciples • Worsens portraits of Jesus’ Opponents • Frequent use of Pairs / Twos • Sometimes together; sometimes in contrast • Restricts Jesus’ Ministry to JEWS only • “Don’t go to Gentiles or Samaritans”

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew CHRISTOLOGY in Matthew • “WHO IS JESUS? ” (acc. to Matthew) • Matt retains most titles from Mark • More Emphasis on Jesus as: • Son of Abraham (& Isaac & Jacob) • Son of David = King of the Jews • Prophet and Teacher LIKE Moses • Emmanuel (God is with us)

One Jesus, Four Portraits n How do we use the Gospels? n n Usually pick & choose, mix & match? Value in studying each one separately. Study the emphases of each Evangelist! Jesus in the New Testament: n n n The Jesus of Matthew’s Gospel The Jesus of Mark’s Gospel The Jesus of Luke’s Gospel The Jesus of John’s Gospel The Jesus of Paul, Hebrews, James, Peter, etc.

Jesus & Four Evangelists

One Jesus, Four Portraits n Titles emphasized in MARK (cf. 1: 1) n n n Christ/Messiah (anointed one, chosen) Son of God (authority over demons) Miracle-worker (power over nature) Son of Man (suffering servant) Crucified (yet risen from the dead) First Event in Public Ministry n n Exorcism at Capernaum (Mk 1: 21 -28) Shows Jesus’ power & authority

Mark’s Jesus n On the Way to Jerusalem 8: 31 – “Son of Man must suffer, be rejected, be killed, and rise after three days. ” 9: 31 -32 – “Son of Man will be betrayed, be killed, but rise after three days. ” 10: 32 -34 – “Son of Man will be handed over, condemned to death, mocked, spat upon, scourged, put to death, but will rise after three days. ”

One Jesus, Four Portraits n Titles stressed in MATTHEW n Uses same titles for Jesus as Mark does: n n n Son of God, Christ/Messiah, Son of Man But some are new; some stressed more: n Son of Abraham, Son of David n Emmanuel (“God with us”), King of the Jews Great Teacher, a “New Moses” n Can’t be “Son of Moses, ” since Moses was in Tribe of Levi, while Jesus is in Tribe of Judah

Matthew’s Jesus n Five Great Teachings/Speeches 1) Sermon on Mount: Matt 5– 7 2) Missionary Instructions: Matt 10 3) Parables Collection: Matt 13 4) Community Instructions: Matt 18 5) Eschatological Sermon: Mt 23– 25

Matthew’s Portrait of Jesus n Son of Abraham, Son of David n n n legitimate “King of the Jews” unlike the Herodians (family of King Herod), who are not “Davidic” (family of King David) King of the Jews n n In Mark, used only at Jesus’ trial (Mk 15) In Matt (already in 2: 2), the Magi ask, “Where is the newborn king of the Jews? ” many more parables involving kings; more royal allusions as Jesus enters Jerus.

Matthew’s Portrait of Jesus n Matthew’s Genealogy (1: 1 -17) “The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham… Thus the total number of generations from Abraham to David is fourteen generations; from David to the Babylonian exile, fourteen generations; from the Babylonian exile to the Messiah, fourteen generations. ” (1: 1, 17) n Why 14? Why recall Babylonian exile?

Matthew’s Portrait of Jesus n Hebrew Numerology (“Gematria”) n Each letter has an associated number; most common system (for 22 Hebrew letters): Alef = 1; Bet = 2; Gimel = 3; Dalet = 4; Hey = 5; Vav = 6; etc. n n Hebrew omits vowels: "David" = DVD dalet-vav-dalet = 4+6+4 = 14 ! Babylonian Exile? n 587 BC = Babylonians conquer Jerusalem and kill the last Davidic king’s sons!

Jesus: King of the Jews n Matthew’s Genealogy “Thus the total number of generations from Abraham to David is fourteen generations; from David to the Babylonian exile, fourteen generations; from the Babylonian exile to the Messiah, fourteen generations. ” (1: 1, 17) n Davidic Monarchy: ca. 1000 – 587 BC People hoping for its restoration, for a “Son of David” to be “Messiah” (“anointed king”)

Jesus: Beloved Son of God n Voice from heaven at Baptism: n n Devil tempts Jesus in the desert: n n “If you are the Son of God…” (4: 3, 6) Voice from heaven at Transfiguration: n n “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased” (3: 17) “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased” (17: 5) People taunt Jesus on the cross: n “If you are the Son of God…” (27: 3, 6)

Jesus: Great Teacher n Rabbi/Teacher, with Disciples: n n Explains “Torah” (God’s Instructions/Teachings/Precepts) Teacher, prophet, law-giver, like Moses: n Both are saved as babies, while other boys killed n Both flee to/from Egypt when in danger n Both go up a mountain to deal with Torah/Law n Both fast for 40 days and 40 nights n First 5 books of Hebrew Bible attributed to Moses n In Matthew, 5 long speeches attributed to Jesus n Jesus explicitly upholds the teachings/laws of Moses; doesn’t abolish them (Matt 5: 17 -20; 22: 35 -40; etc. )

Matthew’s Jesus: TEACHER n “Preacher” & “Teacher” Greek “keryx”; verb keryssein = to proclaim (Matt 4: 17, 23) n Greek “didaskalos”; verb didaskein = to teach n Jesus gathers disciples (4: 18 -22) and “teaches” crowds (4: 23; 5: 2; 7: 29) n n “Teacher” (didaskalos) vs. “Rabbi” (“great one”) Seem synonymous in other Gospels, esp. Mark n Matthew’s Jesus warns not to call anyone “rabbi” (23: 7 -10) n

Sermon on the Mount n First, longest, best-known of five major discourses n n Jesus’ Teachings collected/grouped thematically by Matthew Functions as “Inaugural Event” in Matthew’s Gospel Mark: Exorcism (Jesus’ power over evil spirit) n Matthew: Sermon on the Mount (Jesus as teacher) n Luke: Preaching in Nazareth (prophetic Messiah; Isa 61) n

Sermon on the Mount n Matt 5 Introduction; eight Beatitudes; Salt & Light n Law & Prophets; six “Antitheses” n n Matt 6 Spiritual Practices: Almsgiving, Prayer, Fasting n Treasures on Earth / in Heaven; not worrying: Lilies & Birds n n Matt 7 Not judging; various sayings on prayer & discipleship n Parable of two houses; Conclusion (effect of n

Matt 5 (Sermon on the Mount)

Beatitudes (8? or 9? ) 3. Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. 4. Blessed are they who mourn, for they will be comforted. 5. Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the land. 6. Blessed are they who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be satisfied. 7. Blessed are the merciful, for they will be shown mercy. 8. Blessed are the clean of heart, for they will see God. 9. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God. 10. Blessed are they who are persecuted for the sake of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. 11. Blessed are you when they insult you and persecute you and utter every kind of evil against you [falsely]

Beatitudes n Focus on present or future? on attitudes or social conditions? n n n “Blessed” / “Happy” / Latin “beati” / Greek NT makarioi n n Does Matthew “spiritualize” more? (“poor in spirit”; “pure in heart”) No; focus is on practical “righteousness” (“justice; rightrelationships”) Verb makarizo – “to regard/look upon favorably” (i. e. with God’s eyes) Four other “beatitudes” later in Matthew: n 11: 6 – “And blessed is anyone who takes no offense at me. ”

Sayings on Salt & Light 13 You are the salt of the earth. But if salt loses its taste, with what can it be seasoned? It is no longer good for anything but to be thrown out and trampled underfoot. 14 You are the light of the world. A city set on a mountain cannot be hidden. 15 Nor do they light a lamp and then put it under a bushel basket; it is set on a lampstand, where it gives light to all in the house. 16 Just so, your light must shine before others, that they may see your good deeds

“Antitheses” n Contrasts: Law of Moses vs. Teaching of Jesus comes not to abolish, but to fulfill the laws of Moses n “You have heard that it was said… But I say to you…” n n Six Topics/Examples: 1. On Murder and Wrath (5: 21 -26; cf. Exod 20: 13; Deut 5: 17) 2. On Adultery (5: 27 -30; cf. Exod 20: 14; Deut 5: 18) 3. On Divorce (5: 31 -32; cf. Deut 24: 1 -4)

“Be Perfect”? ? ? n “Be perfect, as your Father in heaven is perfect” (5: 48) Greek teleios = “whole, complete, mature, fully righteous” n Not promoting modern American “perfectionism” n n Translated “perfect” in Matt 19: 21; 2 Cor 12: 9; 13: 9; Rom 12: 2; James 1: 17, 25; 3: 2; 1 John 4: 18; etc. Translated “mature” in 1 Cor 2: 6; Eph 4: 13; Phil 3: 15; Col 1: 28; Col 4: 10; Heb 5: 14; and James 1: 4 From Lev 19: 2 (“Holiness Code”) n “You shall be holy, for I the LORD your God am

Matt 6 (Sermon on Mount, cont. )

Almsgiving, Prayer, Fasting n Three traditional “religious/spiritual practices” Contrasts: you vs. hypocrites; private vs. public When you give alms/ pray/ fast, don’t be like the hypocrites… n But be careful how and why you do these practices! n Lord’s Prayer inserted here (Matt 6: 7 -15; cf. Luke 11: 2 -4) n n Gospel for Ash Wednesday (except “Our Father”) n Begin: “Beware of practicing your piety before

The Lord’s Prayer Matthew 6: 9 -15 n Our Luke 11: 1 -4 Father in heaven n Father, n Hallowed be your name n hallowed be your name. n Your Kingdom come, Your will n Your kingdom come. be done, on earth, as in heaven n Give us each day our daily n Give us this day our daily bread n And forgive us our sins, n And forgive us our debts n for we ourselves forgive n As we also have forgiven our everyone indebted to us. debtors n And do not bring us to the time of trial. " of trial (or “into temptation”)

Lord’s Prayer: Matt’s Additions n Matt 6: 16 -17 n If you forgive others their transgressions, your heavenly Father will forgive you. n But if you do not forgive others, neither will your Father forgive your transgressions.

Birds & Lilies

Matt 7 (Sermon on Mount, concl. )

Silver Rule & Golden Rule n Silver Rule: n n “Do not do to others as you do not wish them to do to you. ” Golden Rule: “Do unto others as you wish them to do unto you. ” n “Treat others as you want them to treat you. ” n n Variations in world religions n Same or different meanings?

Matthew Loves Twos/Pairs n n Why? n Sometimes to reinforce (two together) n Sometimes to contrast (two opposed) Examples: Speck vs. Plank (7: 3 -5) n Two Roads/Gates (7: 13 -14; later in Luke 13: 23 -24) n Trees with Good Fruit vs. Bad Fruit (7: 15 -20) n Not just saying “Lord, ” but doing God’s will (7: 21 -23) n Parable: Houses built on rock or on sand (7: 24 n

Two Houses

Sermon Conclusion (7: 24 -29) n Final Parable (Matt 7: 24 -27) n Houses built on foundations of rock or sand (cf. Luke 6: 47 -49) n Narrator’s Summary (Matt 7: 28 -29) n Jesus concludes his first sermon n Reaction of the crowd

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew DISCIPLESHIP in Matthew • Ideal Disciple = Loyal “MATHETES” • “Subject” who obeys his/her King • “Student/pupil” who learns from Teacher • Put Faith into Action • Practice what you’ve learned! • Don’t be a “hypocrite”!

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Sermon on the Mount (Matt 5– 7) Aland, Synopsis of the Four Gospels • Index, p. 343 • Texts, pp. 49 -64

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Table-Group Discussions: 1) What impresses/surprises you most about Matthew’s Portrait of Jesus? 2) How is the “Sermon on the Mount” a summary of the whole Gospel? (consider both Christology and Discipleship)

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange LUNCH Break • F O O D ! • Conversation! • Relaxation! • Please return by 1: 00 p. m. Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Five Major Discourses of Jesus 1. “Sermon on Mount”: Matt 5– 7 2. “Missionary Instructions”: Matt 10 3. “Parables Collection”: Matt 13 4. “Community Instructions”: Matt 18 5. “Eschatological Sermon”: Matt

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Session 3: PARABLES of Jesus • Today’s HO, pp. 13 -16 • Definitions: What are “Parables”? (and what are they not? ) • What is the “Purpose” of Jesus’ Parables? • Gospel Parables and Related Materials in the Four Gospels • Parables in Matthew, esp. Matt 13, Matt 20– 22, and Matt 24– 25 • Extra PPT on Parables in Matthew

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Table/Group Discussions • Choose ONE of the following: • Vineyard Workers & Employer (20: 1 -16) • Two Sons (21: 28 -32) • Wedding Banquet (22: 1 -14) • Analyze This Parable: • What’s the “strange twist(s)” within the story? • What meaning was intended by JESUS? • What meaning was intended by MATTHEW?

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Session 4: Miracles, Mission, Church • Miracle Stories in the Synoptic Gospels • Matt 8– 9: Jesus the Miracle-Worker • Matt 10: Apostles “sent out” on a Mission • Matt 18: Community Life of the “Church” • Matt 26– 27: Matthean Passion

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew NT Miracle Stories (HO, pp. 17 -18) • Definitions of “Miracle” • Modern Idea: against “laws of nature”? • Ancient Idea: showing “mighty power”! • Four Types of “Miracle Narratives” • Healings • Exorcisms • Restorations • Nature Miracles • Also “Evangelists’ Summaries”

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew How Miracle Stories Are Told • Biblical “Form Criticism” – detects PATTERN, with FIVE main STAGES: 1. Introduction 2. Conflict/Delay 3. Healing Action 4. Confirmation 5. Reaction • Check the miracle stories of MATT 8– 9

K. Aland, Synopsis of the Four Gospels, p. 344 Aland, p. 344 Matthew 8 --9

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew 10&18: Mission & Church • Matt 10: Apostles “sent out” on Mission • Selection of 12 “disciples” as “apostles” • Instructions: what to do & what to expect • Do they actually go out (in Matt)? • When do they finally go out on mission? • Matt 18: Community called “Church” • Care for “Least Ones” within the community • Sin/forgiveness/reconciliation in the cmty

Matt 10: Mission Discourse NO Parables in this Second Discourse 85

Matt 18: Community Discourse 86

Community Discourse (Mt 18) 1) True Greatness (18: 1 -14) a) Being like a little child b) PARABLE of the Lost Sheep 2) Relationships within community of disciples (18: 15 -20) a) Reproving a community member who sins b) Four-step process for reconciliation 3) Teachings about forgiveness (18: 21 -35) a) Peter asks how often he must forgive b) PARABLE of Unforgiving Servant 87

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Passion of Jesus in Matthew • Matt 26 -27 – “Mt’s Passion Narrative” • See today’s Handout, pg. 20 • http: //catholic-resources. org/Bible/Passion. htm

Triduum = “Three Days” n Thursday + Friday + Saturday + Sunday = 4 days? ? ? n When does a “day” begin? n n Western Calendar – midnight n Personal Experience – wake-up or dawn n Jewish Calendar – sunset! Easter Triduum n Day 1 = Thursday Sunset to Friday Sunset n Day 2 = Friday Sunset to Saturday Sunset

Triduum: What Happens? n n Preparation Days: preparing for Passover Meal Day 1 (Thursday Sunset to Friday Sunset) EVERYTHING ! n Last Supper, Prayer, Arrest, Trials, Crucifixion, Death, Burial n n Day 2 (Friday Sunset to Saturday Sunset) NOTHING ! n Sabbath Rest n n Day 3 (Saturday Sunset to Sunday Sunset)

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Passion Proper: Matt 26: 1— 27: 66 n Jesus enters Jerusalem (Matt 21: 1 -11) n Matthew’s emphasis on Jesus as King: n "Tell the daughter of Zion, Look, your king is coming to you, humble, and mounted on a donkey, and on a colt, the foal of a donkey. “ (Matt 21: 5) n “Rejoice greatly, O daughter Zion! Shout aloud, O daughter Jerusalem! Lo, your king comes to you; triumphant and victorious is he, humble and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey. ” (Zech 9: 9)

Jesus enters Jerusalem n Emphasis on Jesus as King (cont. ) n “Hosanna to the Son of David” (Matt 21: 9) n n Contrast Mark 11: “Hosanna!. . . Blessed is the kingdom of our father David that is coming!” Reaction of crowds in Jerusalem: n “This is the prophet Jesus, from Nazareth of Galilee” (Matt 21: 10 -11) n Jesus teaches in Jerusalem (Matt 21— 25) n Includes the fifth/last major discourse: the Eschatological Sermon

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Authorities plot to kill Jesus (26: 1 -5) n Two days before Passover n Jesus foretells his passion a fourth time; vs. only three times in Mark: n Mark 8: 31 = Matt 16: 21 n Mark 9: 31 = Matt 17: 22 -23 n Mark 10: 32 = Matt 20: 17 -19 n Priests & elders want to arrest & kill Jesus n High Priest, Caiaphas, named here (v. 3) n Not named in Mark or Luke; earlier in John

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Jesus is anointed at Bethany (26: 6 -13) n Anonymous woman (not called a “sinner” – contrast Luke 7) n Anoints Jesus’ head (not his feet) n Disciples complain about the waste n Jesus defends woman: “In pouring this ointment on my body, she has done it to prepare me for burial… Wherever the gospel is preached…, what she has done will be told…” (vv. 12 -13)

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Passion Sunday reading begins here: n Judas Iscariot plans to betray Jesus (26: 14 -16) n Judas goes to chief priests (also in Mark & Luke) n Only Matthew mentions the thirty pieces of silver n Meaning not interpreted here, but later (cf. 27: 3 -10)

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Disciples prep for Passover (26: 17 -20) n First day of Unleavened Bread n Jesus sends disciples into Jerusalem, brief instructions: n “The Teacher says, ‘My time is at hand; I will keep the passover at your house with my disciples. ” n In evening (after sunset), he sat at table with the twelve disciples.

Jesus’ Last Supper n Jesus foretells his betrayal by Judas (Matt 26: 21 -25) n As they were eating, Jesus says, “One of you will betray me. ” n All ask him, “Is it I, Lord? ” n Jesus: “The one who has dipped his hand in the dish with me…” n Judas: “Is it I, Rabbi? ” n Jesus: “You have said so!”

Jesus’ Last Supper (cont. ) n Jesus blesses bread & wine n Jesus took bread and blessed, broke it and gave it to the disciples: “Take, eat; this is my body. ” n And he took a cup, gave thanks, gave it to them: “Drink of it, all of you, for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. I shall not drink again…” (Matt 26: 26 -29)

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Jesus foretells Peter’s denial (26: 30 -35) n After singing a hymn (end of Passover meal), they go to Mount of Olives. n Jesus: “You will all fall away… this night…” n Peter: “…I will never fall away. ” n Jesus: “Truly… you will deny me 3 times. ” n Peter: “Even if I must die with you, I will not deny you. ” (so said all the disciples)

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Jesus prays at Gethsemane (26: 36 -46) [Matthew is longest; Luke is shortest] 1) “My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from me; yet not as I will, but as you will. ” 2) “My Father, if this cannot pass unless I drink it, your will be done. ” 3) He prayed the third time, saying the same words.

Matthew’s Passion n Jesus is arrested (26: 47 -56) n Judas arrives, with an armed crowd: “Greetings, Rabbi!” n Jesus: “Friend, why are you here? ” n They seize Jesus; HP’s slave’s ear is cut off n Jesus: “Put your sword back… for all who take the sword will perish by the sword…” “Can’t I ask my Father, and he’ll send more than twelve legions of angels? ”; “How should the scriptures be fulfilled? ”

Matthew’s Passion n Jesus led to Caiaphas’ house (26: 57 -68) n Many false witnesses; Jesus remains silent n High Priest: “I adjure you by the living God, tell us if you’re the Christ, the Son of God” n Jesus: “You have said so. But I tell you, you’ll see the Son of Man…” n HP: “He has uttered blasphemy… You have heard his blasphemy…” (twice) n Others: “He deserves death…” “Prophesy for us, Christ! Who struck you? ”

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Peter denies knowing Jesus (26: 69 -75) n Maid 1: “You were with Jesus the Galilean. ” n Peter: “I don’t know what you mean. ” n Maid 2: “He was with Jesus of Nazareth. ” n Peter: “I don’t know the man. ” n Bystanders: “Certainly you are also one of them, for your accent betrays you. ” n Peter: “I don’t know the man. ”

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Jesus is condemned & taken to Pilate (27: 1 -2) n At dawn, chief priests & elders assemble; decide to have Jesus put to death; bind him & deliver him to Pilate. n [Very brief in Matthew & Mark. ] n [Much longer morning trial in Luke. ]

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Judas repents & hangs himself (27: 3 -10) n Only in Matthew (very different in Acts 1) n Judas returns 30 pieces of silver: “I’ve sinned in betraying innocent blood. ” n Priests: “What is that to us? ” n Judas departs; hangs himself. n Priests discuss “blood money”; decide to buy “Field of Blood” n Fulfill prophecy of Jer 32: 6 -15: “They took 30 pieces of silver…”

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Jesus is tried before Pilate (27: 11 -23) n [Similar in Matt & Mark; longer in Luke & John] n Pilate: “Are you the King of the Jews? ” n “Do you want me to release Barabbas, or Jesus who is called Christ? ” n Pilate’s wife reports her dream: “Have nothing to do with that righteous man…” n Chief priests, elders, and people want Barabbas released, and Jesus crucified.

Trial before Pilate Concludes n Jesus is convicted, scourged (27: 24 -26) n n To prevent a riot, Pilate washes his hands: “I’m innocent of this man’s blood…” All the people reply: “His blood be on us and on our children!” Historical effect of this line? Jesus is mocked (27: 27 -31) n Soldiers gather; scarlet robe; crown of thorns; reed in hand; kneel; “Hail, King of the Jews!”

Matthew’s Passion Narrative n Jesus is crucified (27: 32 -37) n Simon of Cyrene carries cross n Golgotha = “Place of the skull” n Wine mixed with gall n Jesus’ garments divided n Soldiers sit & keep watch n Charge put over his head: “This is Jesus, the King of the Jews”

On the Cross n Various groups taunt Jesus (27: 38 -44) n Passersby: “…save yourself! If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross” n Chief priests, scribes, elders: “He saved others; he cannot save himself. He’s the King of Israel; let him come down now from the cross & we’ll believe in him. He trusts in God; let God deliver him now… for he said, “I am the Son of God. ’” n The two robbers also reviled him similarly.

On the Cross n Jesus’ Final Words (Matt 27: 45 -50) n Darkness from 6 th hour to 9 th hour n Jesus cries, “Eli, lama sabachthani? ” = “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? ” (Matt 27: 46; also Mark 15: 34) n Reactions: Calling Elijah? Sponge of Vinegar? Wait! n Jesus cries again loudly, and yields up his spirit.

Seven Last “Words” of Jesus 1) "Father, forgive them; for they do not know what they are doing. " (Luke 23: 34) 2) "Woman, here is your son"; "Here is your mother" (John 19: 26 -27) 3) "Truly I tell you, today you’ll be with me in Paradise. " (Luke 23: 43) 4) "Eloi, lema sabachthani? " which means, "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? " (Mark 15: 34; cf. Matt 27: 46) 5) "I am thirsty. " (John 19: 28) 6) "It is finished. " (John 19: 30)

Matthew’s Passion n After Jesus’ Death (27: 51 -53) n n n Temple curtain torn in two Earthquake, rocks split Tombs opened; bodies of saints raised (appear to many after his resurrection) n Witnesses to Jesus’ Death (27: 54 -56) n n Centurion and those with him see it all: “Truly, this was the Son of God. ” Many Galilean women, looking from afar, incl. Mary Magdalene, two others

Matthew’s Passion (end) n n Jesus is buried (27: 57 -61) n Brief account: Joseph of Arimathea, n disciple, buries Jesus in his own new tomb. Mary Magdalene & another Mary observe. Jesus’ tomb is guarded (27: 62 -66) n n n Chief priests ask Pilate to guard the tomb. Impostor said: “After 3 days I’ll rise again. ” Disciples might steal his body. The last fraud will be worse than the first. So they seal the entrance & place a guard.

Ps 22: My God, My God (by Marty Haugen)

Episodes NOT in Matthew n In Luke & John, but not Mark or Matthew: n Longer dialogues (Jesus & disciples) at the Last Supper Luke 22: 24 -38 John 13– 16 n Pilate stresses Jesus’ innocence several times Luke 23: 4, 13 -16, 22 John 18: 38 b; 19: 4, 6, 12

Episodes NOT in Matthew n Only in Luke: Jesus is tried before Sanhedrin at dawn (22: 66 -71) n Jesus taken & questioned before Herod (23: 6 -12) n Jesus speaks with women on the Way (23: 26 -33 a) n Jesus forgives those crucifying him (23: 34 a) n Jesus speaks with the “repentant thief” (23: 39 -43) n

Episodes NOT in Matthew n Only in John: n Jesus washes his disciples’ feet (13: 1 -20) n Jesus’ long prayer to the Father (17: 1 -26) n Much longer trial before Pilate (18: 29– 19: 16) n Jesus’ last words on the cross (19: 26 -27, 28, 30) n Jesus’ side is pierced, but his bones are not broken (19: 31 -37)

Emphases in Matthew’s Passion n Portrayal of Jesus: n Cruelly Mistreated: suffering, scourging & crucifixion n Royal Son of David: the only legitimate “King of the Jews” n Great Teacher (like Moses): faithful to God & to his disciples n Beloved Son of God: as attested by divine signs & scriptures

Emphases in Matthew’s Passion n Roles of Characters (as role models? ) n Caiaphas & Pilate – political schemers, avoiding responsibility n Judas & Peter – betrayer & denier; but both repentant n Other male disciples – play only minor roles; flee n Mary Magdalene & other women – faithful witnesses n Joseph of Arimathea – courageous, charitable disciple

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Resurrection of Jesus in Matthew • Matt 28: • Empty Tomb • Appearance to the Women • Appearance to the Disciples • Great Commission • http: //catholic- resources. org/Bible/Resurrection. htm

RESURRECTION Accounts in Matthew’s Gospel n n Overview of Matthew 28: 1 -20 n Empty Tomb narrative (vv. 1 -8) n Jesus appears to two women (vv. 9 -10) n Guards report to the authorities (vv. 11 -15) n Jesus appears on a mountain in Galilee, a. k. a. “The Great Commission” (vv. 16 -20) “Empty Tomb” story is in other Gospels; the rest is only in Matthew! n Not in Matthew: Emmaus, Thomas, Fishing, Peter & the Beloved Disciple, etc.

Resurrection in Matthew 28 n Empty Tomb story (vv. 1 -8) n n Around dawn, first day of week “Mary Magdalene & the other Mary” Earthquake; angel descends, rolls back the stone; guards fear, “like dead men” Angel to women: “Do not be afraid… I know you seek Jesus, who was crucified. He is not here; for he has risen. Come, see…; then go, tell his disciples… he is going before you to Galilee”

Resurrection Narrative in Matthew 28 n n Jesus appears to the women (vv. 9 -10) n [ They leave tomb “with fear & great joy”; run to tell the disciples - v. 8 ] n Jesus meets them, “Greetings!” n They come, grab his feet, worship him. n “Do not be afraid; go, tell my brothers to go to Galilee; there they will see me. ” Not in Mark or Luke; expanded in John as longer dialogue of Jesus & Mary Magdalene

Resurrection Narrative in Matthew 28 n Report of the Guards (vv. 11 -15) n n n Guards go into city, report to chief priests Elders decide to pay off guards: “Tell people, ‘His disciples came by night, stole him away while we slept. ’ If governor hears of it, we’ll protect you. ” Guards leave; do as they were told. Narrator: “This story has been spread among the Jews to this day. ” Effect of this story?

Resurrection in Matthew 28 n Risen Jesus appears to his disciples (“The Great Commission”; vv. 16 -20) n The eleven go to the mountain in Galilee. n Saw him, worshiped him; some doubted. n “All authority has been given to me… Go, make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in name of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit [Trinitatian formula], teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. ”

“Great Commission” n Jesus’ Final Words in Matthew: n “Behold, I am with you always, until the end of the ages” (28: 20) n Recall: “Emmanuel” (“God with us”) n n Contrast Luke: Ascension Did Jesus leave? Or is he still here?

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Monthly Assignments (Lilac HO) • AFTER Session: Writing Assignment • Monthly ONE-page Reflection Paper • Email to your “Reader” within TWO weeks • BEFORE next Session: Reading Assignments • BIBLE: New Testament itself • Textbooks: • R. Brown, Introduction to the NT • M. A. Powell, Introducing the NT • M. N. Ralph, A Walk through the NT • K. Aland, Synopsis of the Four Gospels

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Year 1 Syllabus (Salmon HO from Aug. ) Reflection Paper, e-mail to your reader by Nov. 5: • Choose Matt 7, or Matt 18, or Matt 25 • Follow Guidelines from Lilac Handout from August Readings for Nov. 19: Luke’s Two. Volume Work • BIBLE: All of LUKE & All of ACTS • ALAND: Pp. 28 -48, 65 -71; cf. Index, pp. 342, 344, 347 -49

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Monthly Reflection Papers (Lilac) Levels of Interpretati Questions to Consider: on: What is the content of this biblical text? What is it literally about? LITERAL Also, what is the literary genre or style of this ancient scriptural text? What message did the author intend to convey to the RHETORIC original readers? AL What did the biblical author want these readers to know and/or to do? What does this text mean to me, here and now, on a personal level? PERSONAL How can I apply it to my own life today, as an individual believer? What does this text say to all of us together, as a faith COMMUNA community today?

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew Closing Prayer: Song Your Words Are Spirit and Life

Catholic Bible Institute in the Diocese of Orange Opening Prayer: Oct. 22, 2016 – Gospel acc. to Matthew

Departure: God Bless You! See you on Nov. 19 (Luke & Acts)