Case study earthquake Haiti Meisinger Werner Austrian Red

Case study earthquake Haiti Meisinger Werner Austrian Red Cross

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General complex conditions in Haiti Poverty and violence - 2/3 of the population lives with less than 2 US$ / day, ¼ in slums in Pa. P - Biggest source of national income are private money remittances from abroad - High level of criminality, gang incidents and violence Political instability and weakened national capacity to coordinate the assistance - The economic and political center, the capital Po. P, is largely in ruins Lack of local ressources - Forests have been cleared, land is eroded and qualified manpower is scarce due to „brain drain“ to richer countries Heavy rains / hurrican season since July - Prolonged emergency phase until the end of the year www. roteskreuz. at Internationale Hilfe 3

FACTS & FIGURES • More than 220. 000 dead acc. Mo. H (Tsunami: 230. 000) • Approx. 1, 5 Mio. displaced persons live in camps, more than 650. 000 live with host families. • More than 180. 000 buildings destroyed or damaged • Evaluation of 82. 000 buildings: 43% green, 27 % yellow, 30 % red • 4. 758 schools either destroyed or damaged • Little access to sanitary facilities and safe drinking water / before the earthquake 80 % of the diseases were water-borne diseases www. roteskreuz. at Internationale Katastrophenhilfe 4

Red Cross Assistance for Haiti • Biggest Assistance Operation in the history of the Red Cross Movement supporting one country • Coordinated by IFRC Geneva and the IFRC zone in Panama • 21 ERUs deployed to Haiti • IFRC coordination of the Shelter Cluster • ICRC delegation in Haiti with focus on Wat. San and family links • More than 1. 400 international delegates deployed to Haiti • Red Cross total budget CHF 882 Mio. (= EUR 631 Mio. ) • The Red Cross in Haiti – Detailed IFRC Report www. ifrc. org/haiti www. roteskreuz. at Internationale Katastrophenhilfe 5

The Emergency Environment § § § § Overwhelming needs Competing priorities Destroyed/damaged infrastructure Rapid influx of providers Outburst of mutual aid Highly stressed local officials Intense media scrutiny Gap of coordinations www. roteskreuz. at 6

Absence of Coordination § § § Gaps and duplications Inappropriate assistance Inefficient use of resources Bottlenecks, impediments Slow reaction to changing conditions Frustration of providers, officials, survivors § Difficult to identify decision makers www. roteskreuz. at 7

Effective Coordination § is essential and important § is a result of intentional actions/a shared responsibility § results in humane, neutral and impartial assistance, management effectiveness, shared vision, and donor confidence § is a voluntary effort/a secondary priority § costly and results in adaptation www. roteskreuz. at 8

But the reality ? UNDAC Affected Population OSSOC Affected Government National Red Cross CIMIC ICRC OCHA Geneva UNDP Humanitarian Coordinator HCR UNICEF MIL National military Donor Govt’s MEDIA USAID/ DART WFP IFRC CEDERA PNSs www. roteskreuz. at NGOs Ambassadors NGOs IGOs 9

Global Capacity-Building Cluster Global Cluster Leads Agriculture FAO Camp Coordination & Camp Mgmt. UNHCR, IOM Early Recovery UNDP Education UNICEF, Save the Children Emergency Shelter UNHCR, IFRC Emergency Telecomm. OCHA (UNICEF, WFP) Health WHO Logistics WFP Nutrition UNICEF Protection UNHCR WASH UNICEF www. roteskreuz. at 10

AIM of the cluster approach § High standards of predictability, accountability and partnership in all sectors or areas of activity § More strategic responses § Better prioritization of available resources www. roteskreuz. at 11

Terms of Reference for National cluster leads § Develop overall strategy for the response § Ensure that response is based on needs assessment and analysis § Coordination with national/local authorities, local civil society etc § Ensure Inclusion of key humanitarian partners § Establish appropriate coordination mechanisms § Facilitate participatory and community-based approaches § Attention to priority cross-cutting issues (vulnerable groups) www. roteskreuz. at 12

The Role of OCHA / UNDAC § Provide the HC with analyses on the humanitarian situation updates, analyses and trends § Report to Donors on priorities and funding requirements § Support the incoming relief teams though establishment of OSOCC and facilitate an effective information exchange § Support the National cluster leads - establish inter cluster coordination mechanism - ensure information management systems - ensure that cross clusteral issues are addressed www. roteskreuz. at 13

The Role of the EUCP-team § Facilitate the links between the relief teams from the EU-Member states and the OSOCC/Cluster leads § Liaison with teams sent by member states to provide practical assistance on the ground § Advice to the cluster leads regarding possibilities for support from EU-member states § Co-ordinate the practical issues relating to the provision of assistance offers have been accepted www. roteskreuz. at 14

EU Community mechanism Request Disaster Availibility? MIC Response Yes/No MS MIC Compiled offer Direct contact Disaster MS MIC Selection All MS informed www. roteskreuz. at 15

On Site Coordination Within the EU Outside the EU LEMA MIC LEMA OSOCC EU team OCHA National Team EU team www. roteskreuz. at EU team UN team 16

Emergency Response Units - ERUs § to be deployed within 48 hrs all over the world § to put together highly qualified pre-trained teams and prepacked sets of standardised equipment § if a situation necessitates high reaction and affected national societies eg. regional Federation deleagtions are unable to cope with the situation www. roteskreuz. at 17

ERUs in the Federation § Basic health care § Referral hospital facilities § Water and sanitation (3 modules) § Logistics § Relief § Information Technology and Telecomm. (6 modules) § Base Camp www. roteskreuz. at 18

Procedures Relief goods Personnel Cash Country of Disaster Host National Society HNS volunteers start working Federation Secretariat Geneva Request for assistance Alert, Appeal RC/RC Societies www. roteskreuz. at 19

ARC Haiti Assistance Disaster Relief Operation • • • Deployement of ERU Mass Sanitation Module (MSM 20) Relief goods to IFRC / ICRC – through ARC E & S Restoring family links (ARC personnel seconded to ICRC) • Deployment of bilateral delegates to IFRC and GRC field hospital Recovery Programme • 3 year recovery programme with the GRC - rehabilitation of selected earthquake affected villages ____________ • ARC programme location: Leogane, west of Po. P www. roteskreuz. at Internationale Hilfe 20

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