Cartographic Communication Simplification Symbolization Symbolization Classification Classification Induction

Cartographic Communication

Simplification

Symbolization

Symbolization

Classification

Classification

Induction

4. Movement

Distribution • Distribution - geographers are concerned about the arrangement of features on the earth’s surface. • 3 main properties of distribution are: • Density - the frequency that something occurs in a given space. • Concentration - changes in distribution-how close together-dispersed or clustered. • Pattern - the arrangement of the distribution of features in a given space.

DISTRIBUTION: Density and Concentration 1952 • Density: “How many per? ” • Concentration: “How spread out? ” • Major League Baseball • Density • 1952: 16 teams • 2012: 30 teams • Concentration 12 2012 • 1952: All Eastern US • 2012: Most regions of the US and in Canada

Hearth • Hearth – The region from which innovative ideas originate. • Example: Early cultural hearths 1. Nile River 2. Indus River 3. Mesopotamia Modern Examples: -Facebook and Harvard University -Surfing and Hawaii

Expansion diffusion • • Culture/Ideas spread throughout a population from area to area. Subtypes: a. Hierarchical diffusion: ideas leapfrog from one node to another temporarily bypassing some b. Contagious diffusion: wavelike, like disease c. Stimulus diffusion: specific trait rejected, but idea accepted Relocation diffusion occurs when individuals migrate to a new location carrying new ideas or practices with them

Hierarchical Diffusion • Hierarchical diffusion – The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places. • Large cities small towns • Important people down the social hierarchy • Examples: • Hip-hop/rap music • Fashion trends

Wal-Mart

Contagious Diffusion • Contagious diffusion – The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population. • No hierarchy, spreads by contact • Examples: • Disease • Information on the internet

AIDS

Stimulus Diffusion • Stimulus diffusion – The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected. • Spread of a concept, with a twist • Examples: • Early computers • Surfers skateboarders snowboarders

Relocation Diffusion • Relocation diffusion – The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another. • People move, they bring things with them (culture, language, religion, etc. ) • Examples: • Euro coins • Religion with migrating settlers • Slave Trade

Hip Hop Hearth and Diffusion