Carrier Gas Gas Chromatography 1 2 3 1

Carrier Gas(정화장치) Gas Chromatography 1 2 3 1. Moisture Trap Carrier Gas 2. Oxygen Trap 3. Chemical Filter

Carrier Gas(정화장치)

Carrier Gas(정화장치)

Syringe

Injection Port 주입구에서 자주 오염이 되는 부분 • • 가스가 제공되는 라인 Septum Injection port liner Gold seal (in case split/splitless Inlet)

Injection Port - Septum What is the Function Why Replace The septum isolates the sample flow path from the outside world. It must provide a barrier that is readily penetrated by the injector needle while maintaining internal pressure without contaminating the analysis. Septa should be replaced regularly to avoid: They are generally made of special hightemperature, low-bleed silicone rubber formulations. • leaks • decomposition • sample loss • reduced column or split vent flow • ghost peaks • column degradation How to Minimize Problems Avoid problems by: • using within the recommended temperature range • changing regularly • installing “hand tight” • using septum purge when available • using autoinjectors • using sharp syringe needles

Injection Port - Septum Bleed and Temperature Optimized Septa (BTO) • Extended Temperature Range, Low-Bleed • Maximum Injection Port Temperature 400 ºC • Virtually eliminates injection-port sticking • Pre-conditioned; packaged in glass to prevent ontamination • Ideal for use with low-bleed, “Mass Spec” capillary columns Long-Life Septa • Pre-pierced for extended life and reduced coring • The preferred Septum for Autosamplers • Ideal for Overnight Runs • Up to 400 Injections Per Septum injection • Maximum Injection Port Temperature 350 ºC • Soft, 45 Durometer, Easy On Autosampler Needles Advance Green Septa • True Long-Life, High Temperature Green Septum • More Injections per Septum • Reduced Injection Port Sticking • Maximum Injection Port Temperature 350 ºC • Packaged in glass vials for high purity • Economical alternative to competitor’s “Green” Septa

Injection Port – Septum오염의 예 Contaminated Septa Clean Septa

Injection Port – Ferrules

Injection Port – Ferrules

Injection Port – Liners

Injection Port – Liners

Column

Column 길이의 변화 Longer columns provide better resolution

Column 컬럼의 선택성에 영향을 미치는 인자 High Temperature Lower Temperature Lowest Temperature 컬럼의 온도 DECREASING a Thinner film Thickness INCREASING a Greater film Thickness 컬럼의 코팅두께 More efficiency, but More Easily Overloaded Not as Easily Overloaded, broader peaks

Oven

Detector Type 검출 화합물 검출한계 (MDL) 직선 범 위 운반기체 FID Selective Air/H 2 불꽃에서 이온화 되 는 유기화합물 5 pg C/sec 10(*7) He or N 2 Make up(H 2, Air) TCD Universal 운반기체와 열전도도 차이가 있는 유기화합물 400 pg/ml carrier 10(*6) He (H 2 분석시 N 2) ECD Selective 전자포획원자를 포함한 유 기화합물 0. 1 pg Cl/sec 10(*4) N 2 NPD Specific N, P 포함 유기화합물 0. 4 pg N/sec 0. 2 pg 10(*4) P/sec He or N 2 Make up(H 2, Air) FPD Specific S, P 포함 유기화합물 20 pg S/sec 0. 9 pg P/sec 10(*3) He or N 2 Make up(H 2, Air) MSD Universal 모든 유기화합물 10 pg – 10 ng (SCAN or SIM) 10(*5) He or N 2 AED Universal 거의 모든 유기화합물 (원 소별 검출) 0. 1 – 20 pg/sec (검출 원소별에 따라 ) 10(*4) He or N 2 Reagent gases