Caring in Nursing Caring is Universal Influences the

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Caring in Nursing

Caring in Nursing

Caring is Universal • Influences the way people think, feel and act • Many

Caring is Universal • Influences the way people think, feel and act • Many nursing theorists have tired to “define” caring – Nightingale was first • Caring is the heart of nursing

Benner (Holistic Theory) • Equates excellent nursing practice with CARING • People, events, projects

Benner (Holistic Theory) • Equates excellent nursing practice with CARING • People, events, projects (things) have importance • Caring means connectedness or involvement • Caring helps patients understand adjust to illness

Benner, con’t. • Defines health as a state of being – Individualized by one’s

Benner, con’t. • Defines health as a state of being – Individualized by one’s • Values • Personality • Lifestyle – Treatment for illness is worthless if not applied to the individual

Leininger (Transcultural) • Caring is the essence of Nursing – it is a distinguishing

Leininger (Transcultural) • Caring is the essence of Nursing – it is a distinguishing characteristic • Purpose of care is to assist the individual toward improvement in condition • Caring is – Nurturing – Dependent on needs of individual – Must reflect the patient’s own culture

Watson (Transpersonal) • Holistic – Patient, family, environment • Nurses exhibit conscious decision to

Watson (Transpersonal) • Holistic – Patient, family, environment • Nurses exhibit conscious decision to care – This helps patient toward healing and wholeness • Focus in on c. Are, not c. Ure – c. Aring “inner healing” • Nurse & patient affected by relationship health

Swanson • Caring is has 5 dimensions – Knowing – Being with – Doing

Swanson • Caring is has 5 dimensions – Knowing – Being with – Doing for – Enabling – Maintaing belief • Caring is central to nursing • Theory can be applied to clinical setting

Caring is Relational • Patients value nurse Effectiveness – Ability to perform tasks •

Caring is Relational • Patients value nurse Effectiveness – Ability to perform tasks • Also value nurse Affect – Attitude or demeanor while performing the tasks • Patients are more willing to participate if they sense that they are cared about

Ethic of Care • Protects human dignity • Often perceived as a moral imperative

Ethic of Care • Protects human dignity • Often perceived as a moral imperative • Requires awareness of potential unequality in relationships – This due to either real or perceived “power” that patient assigns to the nurse – Knowledge is power

Expressions of Care • Spiritual – Being aware of & honoring patient’s beliefs •

Expressions of Care • Spiritual – Being aware of & honoring patient’s beliefs • Presence – Being there • Physically present • Demonstrating understanding – Being with • Sharing oneself

 • Touch – Skin-to-skin – Eye contact (nonverbal) – Protective – to prevent

• Touch – Skin-to-skin – Eye contact (nonverbal) – Protective – to prevent injury • Listening – Taking in patient information – Interpreting what has been taken in

 • Knowing – Understanding the client – Understanding the planned interventions – Avoid

• Knowing – Understanding the client – Understanding the planned interventions – Avoid making assumptions – Focuses on client