Career Decision Scale Test created by Samuel H

Career Decision Scale Test created by Samuel H. Osipow, Clarke G. Carney, Jane Winer, Barbara Yanico, and Maryanne Koschier Presentation by Patsy Dougherty

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More samples: Exactly like me I have decided on a career and feel comfortable with it. I also know how to go about implementing my choice. I know what I’d like to major, in but I don’t know what careers it can lead to that would satisfy me. Very much Only Not at all like me slightly like me me 4 3 2 1 None of the above items describe me. The following would describe me better: (write your response below). ________________________________

Career Decision Scale The Career Decision Scale was designed as a “rapid and reliable instrument for surveying high school and college students about their status in the decision-making process. ” It “provides an estimate of career indecision and its antecedents as well as an outcome measure for determining the effects of interventions relevant to career choice and development. ”

Career Decision Scale �High School and College students �Special Populations: Adults in Continuing Education Programs and Women Returning to College �Specialty Versions: Spanish, medical students, rewording for graduate students, rewording for high school students �Development: �Part of a proposed modular system to promote self- counseling about career indecision � 16 items (The Indecision Scale) � 18 items (The Certainty Scale) � 19 items (Open-ended Questions)

Factor Structure Lack of Structure and Confidenc e External Barrier to a Preferred Choice Difficulty Choosing among Options Personal Conflict �Original Study VS. Further Examination �Stability? �Differences may be due to item interpretation �Still, the study has a good predictability!

Reliability – Test Manual �Osipow, Carney, and Barak (1976) �Individual Items and Indecision Scale �Test-retest correlation, 0. 9 and 0. 82 �Item correlations for Certainty and Indecision Scales �. 34 -. 82 � Mostly 0. 60 -0. 80 �Slaney, Palko- Nonemaker, and Alexander (1981) �Test-retest over 6 weeks �Certainty and Indecision Scale �Item correlation from 0. 19 -0. 70 �CDS total = 0. 70

Validity – Test Manual � Group Comparison and � Relationships with Other Correlations with Other Instruments �Assessment of Career Decision Making (ACDM) �Occupational Alternative Question �Career Maturity Inventory (CMI) Attitudes Scale �Holland Scale � Treatment Studies �Career Counseling Interventions �College Residential Career Exploration Program �Career Planning Discussion Groups �Career Exploration Class Personality Variables � External Locus of Control � Fear of Success � Relationships with Demographic Variables � Age Differences � Grade Level � Sex Differences � Ethnic Difference � GPA � Achievement Type � Aptitude � Area of Study

Validity – Test Manual � Slaney (1980): Group Comparisons and Correlations with Other Instruments �Occupational Alternatives Question �No first choice with �First choice and no alternatives �First choice plus alternatives �Neither a first choice or alternatives Methods Results �N = 232 � Concurrent Validity: �Male and female college students Clearly differentiated subjects into same �Comparison of scores for both tests

Predictive Validity of the Career Decision Scale Administered to High School Students Hartman, Fuqua & Hartman (1983) �N = 205 �Chicago, urban, middle income community �High school seniors enrolled in specific coursework �Two categories: �Decided-No change �Undecided-Still Undecided Methods • In-person administration • Follow-up phone interview • Final phone interview Results • Predictive Validity: strong, increasing over time • Factor Structure: After one year, only 3

Proposed Validity Study � 500 students in First Year College Program, NCSU �Treatment Group: 250 students �Control Group: 250 students �Pre-test: August �Post-test: December Treatment/Intervention: �Bi-weekly group workshops and individual advising meetings �Topics including: �Career Information �Decision-Making Strategies

Results of Administration �N = 5 � 2 = Male � 3 = Female � 5 = College o 1 Freshman (Male) o 1 Sophomore (Male) o 1 Junior (Female) o 2 Seniors (Females) �Individual administration �Convenience sampling

Scoring Procedure Total 1 -2 Cer Ind Total 3 -18 Normative Group % ile

Percentile Distribution Uncertain Certain Decisive Indecisive Medium Low High Further need for assessment 16 84

Participant 1 Total 1 -2 Cer Ind Total 3 -18 6 28 Normative Group % ile Female, College 58 Senior 78

Participant 2 Total 1 -2 Cer Ind Total 3 -18 8 23 Normative Group % ile Female, College 100 Senior 52

Participant 3 Total 1 -2 Cer Ind Total 3 -18 5 34 Normative Group % ile Female, College 21 Junior 84

Participant 4 Total 1 -2 Cer Ind Total 3 -18 8 30 Normative Group % ile Male, College 100 Freshma n 55

Participant 5 Total 1 -2 Cer Ind Total 3 -18 8 25 Normative Group % ile Male, College 100 Sophomo re 42

Means and Standard Deviations Manual Includes: �High School (Sample S and Sample W) �Sex �Grade �Age ** �College of Study **

Means – College Females 40 35 30 34 28 25 26. 88 23 20 Ind Score 15 Cer Score 10 5 6 8 5 5. 87 0 Participant 1 2 3 Mean

Means – College Males 35 30 30 25 25 26. 83 20 Ind Score 15 10 Cer Score 8 8 5 6. 19 0 Participant 4 Participant 5 College Mean

Problems �Response Rate �Out-of-date Successes �Instruction �Scoring �Time commitment

Summary Positive Aspects: �Reliable instrument �Validity studied extensively �Proven predictability Points for Consideration: �Certainty Scale unclear �Factor instability �Aged test instrument

References Hartman, B. W. , Fuqua, D. R. , & Hartman, P. T. (1983) Predictive validity of the Career Decision Scale administered to high school students. Psychological Reports, 52, 95 -100. doi: 10. 2466/pr 0. 1983. 52. 1. 95 Osipow, S. H. (1980). Career decision scale: Manual. (3 rd rev. ) Columbus, OH: Marathon Consulting & Press, 1980. Osipow, S. H. , Carney, C. G. , Winer, J. L. , Yanico, B. , & Kochier, M. (1976). The Career Decision

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