Cardiovascular System Cardiovascular System Main function Transportation Blood
Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular System Main function: Transportation Blood = transport vehicle Heart = pump Blood vessels = network of tubes
Anatomy of Heart Size of fist Weight < 1 lb. Apex points toward left hip Flanked by lungs Surrounded by pericardium (double-walled sac)
Layers of the Heart Wall Heart chamber 1. Epicardium – outer layer (pericardium) 2. Myocardium – cardiac muscle 3. Endocardium – endothelium lines chambers
Heart Chambers Atrium (R & L): receive blood (entryway) Ventricle (R & L): pump blood out Septum: wall between atria & ventricles Valves: prevent backflow of blood Right Side Left Side
Coronary Circulation Coronary arteries Coronary veins
Heart Valves Atrioventricular (AV) valves (tricuspid, bicuspid) Semilunar valves (pulmonary, aortic)
Heart Valves Chordae tendineae: anchors valve flaps in their closed position
Double Circulation Loop Pulmonary circuit: blood to/from lungs Systemic circuit: blood to/from all body tissues
Pathway of blood through heart
Pathway of Blood Through Heart • Systemic and coronary veins • Superior or Inferior Vena Cava or Coronary sinus (from body to heart) • Right Atrium Tricuspid valve • Right Ventricle: • 4 Pulmonary veins (lungs to heart) • Left Atrium Mitral (bicuspid) valve • Left Ventricle Aortic valve Pulmonary valve • • • Pulmonary trunk splits into 2 Pulmonary Arteries (to lungs) Pulmonary capillaries • Aorta (from heart to body) • Systemic arteries and coronary arteries • Systemic capillaries
• Systemic and coronary veins • Superior or Inferior Vena Cava or Coronary sinus (from body to heart) • Right Atrium Tricuspid valve • Right Ventricle Pulmonary valve • Pulmonary trunk splits into • 2 Pulmonary Arteries (to lungs) • Pulmonary capillaries
• 4 Pulmonary veins (lungs to heart) • Left Atrium Mitral (bicuspid) valve • Left Ventricle Aortic valve • Aorta (from heart to body) • Systemic arteries and coronary arteries • Systemic capillaries
Right Ventricle Pulmonary circuit = low pressure Left Ventricle Systemic circuit = high resistance to blood flow More powerful pump 3 X as thick as right ventricle
Anatomy of the Heart Web Activity http: //www. wisconline. com/Objects/View. Object. aspx? ID=ap 12504
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