Cardiovascular System Anatomy and Physiology Flash Cards Associated

Cardiovascular System Anatomy and Physiology Flash Cards Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Directions • The first slide asks a question. • The second slide answers the question. • Use these slides like flash cards to test your core knowledge. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question What is the location of the heart? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer In the mediastinum of the thoracic cavity between the lungs. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question What is the position of the heart? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer The heart lies left of the midline; 2/3 on the left, 1/3 on the right Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question Describe the size of the heart. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer It weighs approximately one pound and is about the size of a closed fist. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question What is the lower blunt point of the heart called? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Apex Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question The heart is contained in a two-layer sac. Please name and describe each layer. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer 1. Pericardium—the inside layer is called visceral pericardium (aka epicardium) and covers the heart like an apple skin. 2. The outside layer is the parietal pericardium and is a loose fitting sac. 3. There is a thin layer of pericardial fluid in between the two, allowing free movement. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question Name the four (4) valves in the heart that prevent the backflow of blood. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Two AV or atrioventricular valves located between the atria and the ventricles. The right is called the tricuspid valve; the left is called the bicuspid or mitral valve. Two SL or semilunar valves located between the two ventricular chambers and the large arteries that carry the blood away from the heart. The right is the pulmonary semilunar valve; the left is the aortic semilunar valve. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question The two upper chambers of the heart are called ______. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Atria Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question What is the heart’s average beats per minute? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer 72 beats per minute Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question There are two distinct sounds in every heart beat—lub-dup. What is happening during the first sound, lub? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Closing of the AV valves during contraction of the ventricles. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question When measuring blood pressure, we hear sounds for diastole and systole. Please indicate which is the top number and which is the bottom number. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Systole is the top number. Diastole is the bottom number. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question The second sound heard, the dup, is when the SL valves close and the ventricles are in ______. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Diastole Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question In systemic circulation, describe the route of the blood to the body from the left ventricle of the heart. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer LV > AORTA > ARTERIES >ARTERIOLES >CAPILLARIES > VENULES > VEINS > S & I VENA CAVA >RA Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question In what direction do veins and arteries carry blood? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Veins toward the heart. Arteries away from the heart. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question How many layers does a capillary have? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer One Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question Name three layers of the artery and vein from innermost to outermost. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer 1. Tunica intima 2. Tunica media 3. Tunica aventitia Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question Which layer is the capillary? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Tunica intima Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question What happens during pulmonary circulation? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Gas Exchange. Discharging CO 2 and receiving O 2. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question What is the instrument used to read blood pressure? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Sphygmomanometer Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question Blood pressure is read on what artery? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Brachial Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question List the nine major pulse points. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Temporal Facial Carotid Axillary Brachial Radial Femoral Popliteal Dorsalis pedis Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question What is tachycardia? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Faster than normal heart rate. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question What is stroke volume? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer The volume of blood ejected from the ventricles during each beat. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question What is the cardiac cycle? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Bone forming cells found on the periosteum. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question Define osteoclasts. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer A group of cells that reabsorb bone. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question What are intercalated discs? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer The electrical connectors between cardiac muscle cells. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question What is the pacemaker of the heart? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Sinoatrial node (SA node) Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals