Cardiovascular desease burden from ambient air pollution in

Cardiovascular desease burden from ambient air pollution in Europe reassessed using novel hazard ratio functions. Andrea Pozzer, Jos Lelieveld, Klaus Klingmüller, Ulrich Pöschl Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie Thomas Münzel, Andreas Daiber Universitätsmedizin Mainz

Secondary pollution: ozone and fine particles

Menschliches Haar 50 -70 Mikrometer Verbrennungsprozesse, organische und anorganische Verbindungen Kleiner als 2. 5 Mikrometer Staub, Sporen, Meeressalz Kleiner als 10 Mikrometer Feiner Strandsand 90 Mikrometer

Ai pollution modelling EMAC model : www. messy-interface. org

Ai pollution modelling

New “Global Exposure – Mortality Model” (GEMM) 41 Cohort-studies in 16 countries (Burnett et al. , PNAS, 2018) CEV is cerebrovascular disease (Stroke) IHD is ischemic heart disease (Heart attack)

New “Global Exposure – Mortality Model” (GEMM) 41 Cohort-studies in 16 countries (Burnett et al. , PNAS, 2018) 8 Global total excess mortality rate of 8. 79 million per year (7. 11 -10. 41 : CL 95), (previous calculations: 4, 5 M/year – Global Burden of Disease 2015) ~ 120 people every 100. 000 Inhabitant/year

Premature mortality due to air pollution in Europa Units: People every 1. 000 Km 2/year – Reduction of life expectancy in years Total in Europe : ~790. 000 deaths/year (left) – 2, 2 lost years person on average (right)

Premature mortality due to air pollution in EU-28 Low Respiratory Infection(LRI), Chronic Obstructive Polmunary Desease (COPD), Lung Cancer(LC), Cerebro. Vascular Diseases (CEV), Ischaemic Heart Diseases (IHD), Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD)

Cardio Vascular Diseases vs Respiratory diseases CVD excess deaths / RD excess deaths - 11 -

Cardio Vascular Diseases vs Respiratory diseases population 2015 Cardi Vascular Mortality CVD/RD Eu. Albania 2897000 434 1678 3, 87 Eu. Austria 8545001 1857 5038 2, 71 Eu. Belgium 11299000 4582 4117 0, 90 Eu. Czechia 10543000 3498 9741 2, 78 5669000 1933 1441 0, 75 Eu. Denmark Eu. Finland 5503000 372 1609 4, 33 Eu. France 64395007 15746 16209 1, 03 Eu. Germany 80689001 26877 48878 1, 82 Eu. Greece 10955000 3564 8734 2, 45 Eu. Hungary 9855000 3540 10869 3, 07 Eu. Italy 59797994 17313 28969 1, 67 Eu. Lithuania 2878000 515 3648 7, 08 Eu. Moldova 4069000 636 4291 6, 75 Eu. Netherlands 16925000 5802 5434 0, 94 Eu. Poland 38611998 12065 32693 2, 71 Eu. Portugal 10349999 4421 4204 0, 95 Eu. Romania 19511000 5842 24208 4, 14 Eu. Spain 46121998 10376 13154 1, 27 Eu. Sweden 9779001 1596 3010 1, 89 Eu. Switzerland 8299000 1833 2843 1, 55 44823997 5508 79147 14, 37 Eu. Ukraine Eu. United Kingdom - 12 - Respiratory mortality 64715994 17860 17171 0, 96 EUROPE 594475986 158389 377064 2, 38 WORLD 7312631628 2879116 4171078 1, 45

Summary Global premature mortality due to air polution is 8, 8 M/Jahr (± 50%) , which means roughly 120 every 100. 000 Inhabitants/year Global premature mortality due to air pollution in Europe is 790, 000/year (± 50%) , which means roughly 133 every 100. 000 Inhabitants/year Exposure to Air pollution is the Number One, and one of the „Top 5“ Health risk (with High Blood pressure, Diabetes, Smoking and Obesity) In Europe roughly 2. 2 years person are lost due to air pollution, with cardiovascular diseases being a prominent mortality cause. In comparison: 3. 2 years person are lost in Europe due to smoking and 2. 6 years per person Worldwide on average