Cardiopulmonary Emergencies Cardiac Compromise Chest pain Dyspnea Anxious

Cardiopulmonary Emergencies

Cardiac Compromise Chest pain Dyspnea Anxious Nausea Abdominal pain Sweating Abnormal HR and RR

Abnormal HR Bradycardia – Slower than 60 BPM Tachycardia – Faster than 100 BPM Palpitations – Irregular or rapid heart beats that cause fluttering in the chest

Patient Care Place pt in position of comfort High-concentration O 2 Transport IMMEDIATELY if: – No hx of cardiac problems, does not have nitroglycerin, or systolic BP < 90 Nitroglycerin Repeat if needed Aspirin? ?

Common Causes Coronary Artery Disease Aneurysm Angina Pectoris Congestive Heart Failure Acute Myocardial Infarction

Cardiac Arrest 1 -2% of calls Chain of Survival: – Early access – Early CPR – Early defibrillation – Early advanced care

Adult CPR Head tilt-chin lift Check breathing and give 2 breaths Check carotid pulse Compressions – Hands 2 fingers above the ziphoid process – 1. 5 – 2 inches depth – 100/minute – Ratio 30: 2

Child CPR Between 1 year and puberty Open airway, assess, and give breaths Carotid pulse < 60 Compressions – May use 1 hand for small victims – 1/3 to 1/2 depth of chest – 100/minute – 30: 2 (1 -rescuer) 15: 2 (2 -rescuer)

Infant CPR Less than 1 year old Open airway, assess, and give breaths Check brachial pulse < 60 bpm Compressions – Place 2 fingers below nipple line – 1/3 to 1/2 depth of chest – 100/minute – 30: 2 (1 -rescuer) 15: 2 (2 -rescuer)

AEDs Verify cardiac arrest Start CPR Turn on AED Apply AED and clear pt Press analyze

Shock Indicated Deliver 1 shock Perform 2 minutes of CPR Press analyze Deliver 1 more shock After 3 shocks prepare for transport

No Shock Indicated Perform CPR for 2 minutes Press analyze