CARBON FOOTPRINT FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING Team E

CARBON FOOTPRINT FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING Team E 10: Joshua Almeida, Khristina. Rae Hernandez, Brent Lee and Elizabeth Zhao Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego MOTIVATION CARBON FOOTPRINT RESULTS The advantage of using an electric vehicle over an internal combustion engine vehicle from a carbon footprint standpoint will be calculated. The study will quantify the carbon footprint of electric vehicle charging through a direct renewable energy source and through the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) campus grid. The vehicles utilized in this study are the Nissan Sentra and the Nissan L. E. A. F. The end goal is to provide a report with recommendations for the best UCSD approach. • UCSD grid total carbon emissions: • 85% cogeneration • 14% purchased energy from Noble Americas Energy Solutions, • 1% solar energy. univeristyofcalifornia. edu • Carbon footprint within campus grid: OBJECTIVES Nissan-global. com To quantify the carbon footprint of a vehicle through: (1) Charging the electric vehicle, the Nissan Leaf, by drawing energy from only the UC San Diego grid (2) Charging the Nissan Leaf from solar power only (3) The carbon footprint of the Nissan Sentra CO 2 CONTENT OF 3 CHARGING SCENARIOS Three equations were used for each corresponding objective. (1) UCSD grid for the Nissan LEAF Photo/Erik Jepsen, UCSD Guardian • DC solar charging is most with smallest carbon footprint • kg CO 2 e, over a 30 year period per vehicle : trademarkia. com Equation # 2 UCSD Grid for the Nissan LEAF 5, 00 E+04 1, 00 E+05 1, 50 E+05 2, 00 E+05 kg CO 2 e/30 years/ vehicle (2) Solar Power for the Nissan LEAF Eq. 1 and 2: one Nissan LEAF is charged AC-DC through the campus grid and DC-DC through solar panels. Eq. 3: one Nissan Sentra. This equation represents DC-DC charging from solar panels to electric vehicle and accounts for the carbon emissions associated with the solar panel production and the balance of systems. (3) For the Nissan Sentra: This equation represents the carbon emissions related to the production and fueling of an internal combustion engine vehicle. and associated • AC-DC from the grid emits far more kilograms of carbon dioxide • its carbon footprint is still considerably less than that of nissanusa. com an internal combustion engine vehicle. Solar Power for the Nissan LEAF 1 0, 00 E+00 efficient Nissan Sentra 3 This equation represents AC-DC charging from the UCSD grid to the electric vehicle and accounts for the carbon emissions associated with the cogeneration plant, solar panels, and power from Noble Americas Energy Solutions. CONCLUSIONS FUTURE WORK • Flexible Carbon Calculator can be applied to other problems. • Update carbon calculator after UCSD’s installation of the 2. 8 MW fuel cell. • Quantify maximum number of vehicles that could be charged with solar. CARBON CALCULATOR An interactive carbon calculator was designed on Microsoft Excel for the user to alter certain parameters of the three final equations (Methods section). Inputs from the solar, cogeneration plants, and Noble Americas emissions are separated into different tabs containing data pertinent to each section. The table to the top right is what the carbon calculator displayed to be the breakdown of the first 10 years of the three equations. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS • Dave Weil, Director of Building Commissioning and Sustainable Operations • Michelle Perez, Sustainability Analyst of Building Commissioning and Sustainable Operations • Anna Levitt, Sam Petersen, Kyocera Marketing Representatives for providing essential data.