Captulo Preliminar Notes Study Guide Snead State Community

Capítulo Preliminar Notes & Study Guide Snead State Community College Instructor: Daniel S. Fulmer Portions of this Powerpoint: © 2010 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education Any use is subject to the Terms of Use and Privacy Notice. Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education is one of the many fine businesses of The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies Any rights not reserved by 2010 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education are reserved by the College and/or the Instructor Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 1

Spanish-speaking Countries 1=Mexico 2=Guatemala 3=El Salvador 4=Honduras 5=Nicargua 6=Costa Rica 7=Panama 8=Cuba 9=Dominican Republic 10=Puerto Rico 11=Colombia 12=Venezuela 13=Ecuador 14=Peru 15=Chile 16=Argentina 17=Uruguay 18=Paraguay 19=Bolivia 20=Spain Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 2

CHAPTER OPENER (pp. 2– 3) � 1. ¿Cuántas personas hay en la foto? � 2. ¿Cuántas mujeres (new word) hay? ¿Cuántos hombres (new word) hay? � 3. ¿En qué ciudad (new word) están las personas en la foto? (Encourage a phrase answer: En. . . ) � 4. ¿En qué país (new word) están? (En. . . ) � Dialogue for the Photo � —¿Te gusta la plaza? � —Sí, me gusta mucho. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 3

Saludos y expresiones de cortesía (p. 4) �Practice questions with a chain drill: Student 1 asks: ¿Cómo te llamas? Student 2 answers and asks the same question of Student 3, and so on. �Encantado is used by males and encantada is used by females. �“mucho gusto and encantado/a in exchanges with several students, reversing roles. Have students practice the exchange. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 4

Nota comunicativa (p. 5) • Additional greetings for phrases like What’s • • • up? or What’s happening? ¿Qué hay? ¿Qué pasa? ¿Qué hubo? ¿Qué onda? (Mex. ) ¿Cómo le va? (Mucho) Gusto de verte/la/la. Me alegro de verte/lo/lo. Which words would you need to know when traveling abroad or talking to native speakers? ¿Cómo se dice. . . ? How do you say. . . ? Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 5

Culture: Spanish titles � Titles of respect are not capitalized when spelled out. When abbreviated, they are capitalized: señor Sánchez; Sr. Sánchez. � Don and doña are titles of respect used only before the first name, as in don José or doña Ana. These terms are not capitalized nor do they have standard abbreviations. � Heritage Speakers: Los títulos don y doña no tienen equivalente en inglés. Cuando se traduce, por ejemplo, don Tomás, se dice simplemente Tomás o Mr. Tomás. Pídales a los estudiantes hispano-hablantes de la clase que le den ejemplos a la clase de algunas personas a las cuales ellos se refieren con estos títulos. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 6

Conversación A. (p. 6)- answers � Do this exercise and check your � 1. Muy buenas. (Buenas tardes. ) answers: (Muy buenas tardes. ) � 2. Hasta luego. (Adiós. ) (Hasta mañana. ) � 3. Bien (Muy bien) (Regular), gracias. ¿Y tú? � 4. ¡Hola! (¿Qué tal? ) � 5. Bien (Muy bien), gracias. ¿Y usted? � 6. Buenas noches. (Muy buenas. ) (Adiós. ) (Hasta mañana. ) � 7. De nada. (No hay de qué. ) � 8. Hasta mañana. (Hasta luego. ) (Adiós. ) � 9. (Me llamo) � 10. Encantado/a. (Igualmente. ) � 11. Soy de. � 12. Buenos días. ¿Cómo está? Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 7

Conversación C (p. 6) Are the people in the drawings saying por favor, con permiso, or perdón? Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 8

Conversación C (p. 6) Are the people in the drawings saying por favor, con permiso, or perdón? Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 9

Conversación C (p. 6)-answers � 1. Con permiso. � 2. Perdón. � 3. Perdón. (Por favor. ) � 4. Con permiso. (Por favor. ) Perdón. � 5. Perdón. � 6. Perdón. (Por favor. ) Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 10

El alfabeto español(p. 7) � A: a B: be C: ce CH: che D: de E: e F: efe G: ge H: hache � I: i J: jota K: ka L: ele LL: elle M: eme N: ene Ñ: eñe O: o P: pe Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide Q: cu R: ere S: ese T: te U: u V: ve W: uve doble X: equis Y: i griega Z: zeta 1/16/2022 11

El alfabeto español (p. 7)-notes � � � Review the Spanish alphabet on p. 7 Notes: In 1994, the Real Academia Española, which establishes many of the guidelines for the use of Spanish throughout the world, decided to adopt the universal Latin order when alphabetizing. In that order, ch and ll are not considered separate letters. Thus, in dictionaries and other alphabetized materials published since 1994, there are no separate listings for the letters ch and ll. That said, both you and your students will encounter the former system in material published before 1994. Ch and ll do not appear as separate letters in vocabulary lists in Apúntate. The website of the Real Academia Española includes a detailed explanation of the Spanish alphabet and its letters, as well as many other teaching resources. It can be found at www. rae. es. El abecedario (ABCs) is a synonym for el alfabeto. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 12

Práctica A (p. 8)-answers � Do this exercise and check your answers: � 1. c � 2. e � 3. i � 4. a � 5. f � 6. h � 7. b � 8. g � 9. d Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 13

Práctica B, Paso 1 (p. 8)-answers � Toledo = te-o-ele-e-de-o; � Los Ángeles = ele-o-ese, a acentuada-enege-e-ele-e-ese; Texas = te-e-equis-a-ese; � Montana = eme-o-ene-te-a-ene-a; � Colorado = ce-o-ele-o-ere-a-de-o; � El Paso = e-ele, pe-a-ese-o; � Florida = efe-ele-o-ere-i-de-a; � Las Vegas = ele-a-ese, uve-e-ge-a-ese; � Amarillo = a-eme-a-ere-i-elle-o; � San Francisco = ese-a-ene, efe-ere-a-enece-i-ese-ce. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 14

Práctica B (p. 8) �Note: The state name Florida is given here without the article la because the context is English state names. Most Hispanic Americans would call the state la Florida. People from Spain would just call it Florida. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 15

Nota comunicativa (p. 8) • Read the section on “Los cognados” • Words in English and in Spanish may look alike but will not sound alike. • You need not try to memorize all words in this Nota. • Model pronunciation of adjectives in brief sentences about yourself: cruel. . . No soy cruel (pointing to yourself), and so on. • Think of a famous personality and have students describe her/him, using es or no es. Write the descriptions on the board with their translations. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 16

Nota comunicativa (p. 8)-2 � More English-Spanish cognates: � arrogante, diligente, eficiente, egoísta, emocional, excelente, horrible, idealista, independiente, indiferente, inferior, intelectual, legal, liberal, materialista, natural, normal, popular, prudente, realista, rebelde, superior, valiente, vulnerable. Some additional nouns: béisbol, declaración, dólar, guitarra, hamburguesa, león, libertad, piano, restaurante. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 17

Nota comunicativa (p. 8)-3 � Practice with cognates: � Interview: indicate whether the following statements are cierto (true) or falso (false). � 1. Jennifer López es muy elegante. � 2. El presidente de los Estados Unidos no es muy importante. � 3. Homer Simpson es muy inteligente. � 4. El español es muy interesante. � Provide corrections for the statements you feel are false. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 18

Culture: � Trabalenguas (tongue twister) � Practice these in groups, paying special attention to how they pronounce the r in Spanish. � Tres tristes tigres comen trigo en un trigal. � See additional pronunciation practice and more trabalenguas on pp. 12– 13. � Heritage Speakers: Pídales a los estudiantes hispanohablantes de la clase que recopilen una lista de lugares latinoamericanos o españoles que ellos conocen y que les lean la lista a sus compañeros monolingües. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 19

¿Cómo eres tú? (p. 9) �Review the form of the verb ser �(yo) soy I am �(tú) eres you (familiar) are �(usted) es you (formal) are �Describe yourself…. Yo soy moderna, independiente, sofisticada, etc. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 20

Conversación-Paso 1(p. 9) �Form complete sentences with the cognates given (anwers will vary) � 1. Yo (no) soy…. Estudiante, cruel, responsible � 2. El líder de esta nación es…importante, inteligente, pesimista, etc. � 3. Jennifer López (no) es… elegante, introvertida, romántica, etc. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 21

Conversación-Paso 2(p. 9) �Think of people you might describe with the following additional cognates(anwers will vary) � 1. arrogante 6. liberal � 2. egoísta 7. materialista � 3. emocional 8. paciente � 4. idealista 9. realista � 5. independiente 10. rebelde Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 22

Nota cultural (p. 10)-Top twelve world languages • • • Chinese (Mandarin) 1, 051 million English 1000 million Hindi 650 million Spanish 500 million Arabic 300 million Russian 280 million Portuguese 230 million Bengali 210 million Malay Indonesian 200 million German 150 million Japanese 130 million French 115 million Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 23

Nota cultural (p. 10)-2 � Not all people of Hispanic origin have Spanish surnames. Many people with Spanish surnames do not consider themselves of Hispanic origin. � The term chicano, although not as popular today as it was in the 1970 s and early 1980 s, is still used by many Mexican-Americans to refer to themselves and to the literature, art, and dialect of their community. Students should be aware of different terms and expect individual preferences from the people in the Mexican. American community. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 24

Pronunciación �Exercise D (p. 13) �Suggestion: Look for ads in Spanish magazines or newspapers either in their community or on the Internet and share them with your classmates. How are ads in Spanish similar to or different from the ads they have seen in English? Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 25

Exercise D (p. 13)-anwers • Paso 1. Countries that are not very close cognates: Germany, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Spain, Great Britain, Greece, Iceland, Morocco, Sweden, Switzerland Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 26

Culture: �Another abbreviation of United States, preferred in many countries, is EE. UU. (The repeated letters stand for the plural noun Estados Unidos). E. U and E. U. A (Estados Unidos de América) are also used. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 27

Los números del 0 al 30; hay �Práctica B (p. 15) �Do as a pair activity in which one partner reads the equation and the other says the answer. �Write additional problems on large flash card. Read the problems aloud and give answers. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 28

Práctica A (p. 15)-answers �Do this exercise and check your answers: � 1. Hay cuatro señoras. � 2. Hay doce pianos. � 3. Hay un café. � 4. Hay veintiún (veinte y un) cafés. � 5. Hay catorce días. � 6. Hay una clase. � 7. Hay veintiuna (veinte y una) ideas. � 8. Hay once personas. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 29

Práctica A (p. 15)-answers � 9. Hay quince estudiantes. � 10. Hay trece teléfonos. � 11. Hay veintiocho (veinte y ocho) naciones. � 12. Hay cinco guitarras. � 13. Hay un león. � 14. Hay treinta señores. � 15. Hay veinte oficinas. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 30

Práctica B (p. 15)-answers � Do this exercise and check your answers: � 1. Dos y cuatro son seis. � 2. Ocho y diecisiete (diez y siete) son veinticinco (veinte y cinco). � 3. Once y uno son doce. � 4. Tres y dieciocho (diez y ocho) son veintiuno (veinte y uno). � 5. Nueve y seis son quince. � 6. Cinco y cuatro son nueve. � 7. Uno y trece son catorce. � 8. Quince menos dos son trece. � 9. Nueve menos nueve son cero. � 10. Trece menos ocho son cinco. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 31

Práctica B (p. 15)-answers 11. Catorce y doce son veintiséis (veinte y seis). 12. Veintitrés (Veinte y tres) menos trece son diez. 13. Uno y cuatro son cinco. 14. Uno menos uno más tres son tres. 15. Ocho menos siete son uno. 16. Trece menos nueve son cuatro. 17. Dos y tres y diez son quince. 18. Veintiocho (Veinte y ocho) menos seis son veintidós (veinte y dos). • 19. Treinta menos diecisiete (diez y siete) son trece. • 20. Veintiocho (Veinte y ocho) menos cinco son veintitrés (veinte y tres) • 21. Diecinueve (Diez y nueve) menos siete son doce. • • Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 32

Culture: • If you go to a restaurant or café in Latin America or Spain, their bill may look very different from those in this country. Handwritten numbers can be quite different. For example, the number 1 is usually written as an inverted check mark ( ), and can easily be mistaken for the number 7. The 7, however, is usually written with a slash across the middle (7–). The number 8 is frequently written starting with the lower loop. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 33

Los gustos y las preferencias (p. 16) • Suggestion: Learn all of the gustar phrases as set expressions. There is no need to know all the gustar constructions at this time; activities will not require students to produce gustan on their own. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 34

Note on “gustar”: � gustar + infinitive to expand the communicative use of gustar phrases, as well as to introduce the concept of the infinitive. � Conversación A (p. 16) � Extension: Use other names of currently famous people and cognates for sports and games: el béisbol, el voleibol, el basquetbol, hacer jogging, jugar al bingo, practicar deportes, and so on. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 35

Culture: �In Gramática 21 (Capítulo 7) you will learn to use the Spanish verb gustar. It can have romantic connotations when used in the first and second person singular forms (yo and tú). �¿Te gusto? Do you like me? / Are you attracted to me? �Appropriate substitutes are encantarle, agradarlee, or caerle bien. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 36

¿Qué hora es? (p. 17) • Culture: Time is often listed in military style for • • Spanish publications such as TV guides and transportation schedules. 12: 01 A. M. = 00: 01 4: 15 P. M. = 16: 15 8: 00 A. M. = 08: 00 7: 05 P. M. = 19: 05 12: 00 Noon = 12: 0010: 20 P. M. = 22: 20 1: 30 P. M. = 13: 30 11: 10 P. M. = 23: 10 Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 37

Práctica A (p. 18)-answers � Do this exercise and check your answers: � 1. Son las doce menos veinte de la noche. � 2. Son las dos de la tarde. � 3. Son las diez y veintidós de la noche. � 4. Son las dos y diecinueve de la tarde. � 5. Son las cinco y cuarto de la mañana. � 6. Son las nueve y media de la mañana. � 7. Es la una y cinco de la noche (mañana). � 8. Son las seis y dieciséis de la mañana. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 38

Práctica B (p. 19)-answers � Do this exercise and check your answers: � 1. Es la una de la tarde. � 2. Son las seis de la tarde. � 3. Son las once de la mañana. � 4. Es la una y media. � 5. Son las tres y cuarto (quince). � 6. Son las siete menos cuarto (quince). � 7. Son las cuatro y cuarto (quince). � 8. Son las doce menos cuarto (quince) en punto. � 9. Son las nueve y diez en punto. � 10. Son las diez menos diez en punto. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 39

Conversación A (p. 19) � Follow-up: Respond with a la(s). . . : Hay un programa cómico (de animales, de música, dramático, interesante, para toda la familia, romántico) a. • • 7: 00—Los Simpson 7: 30—El Zoológico de Barcelona 8: 00—¡Festival de música! 8: 30—Dibujos animados 9: 00—Survivor 10: 00—Cine Club: Historia de amor 24 -hour times as is common in the Spanish-speaking world. 7: 00 = 19: 00 hours; 7: 30 = 19: 30; 8: 00 = 20: 00, and so on. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 40

Conversación A (p. 19) � Do this exercise and check your answers: � Paso 1 -answers • 1. —¿A qué hora es la clase de francés? • —A las dos menos cuarto (quince) de la tarde. . . ¡en • • punto! 2. —¿A qué hora es la sesión de laboratorio? —A las tres y diez de la tarde. . . ¡en punto! 3. —¿A qué hora es la excursión? —A las nueve menos cuarto (quince) de la mañana. . . ¡en punto! 4. —¿A qué hora es el concierto? —A las siete y media de la tarde (noche). . . ¡en punto! 5. —¿A qué hora es la clase de física? —A las doce menos diez de la mañana. . . ¡en punto! Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 41

EN RESUMEN (p. 22) � In subsequent chapters of ¡Apúntate! end-ofchapter vocabulary lists will be completely bilingual in most cases. In this list, however, many words and expressions � are given in Spanish only to help students get used to dealing directly with Spanish without translation, because many students are already familiar with some basic Spanish vocabulary (even if they have not studied Spanish formally), and because the equivalents of all non-translated words are easy to find in preceding pages of the short Primeros pasos chapter. Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 42

INTRODUCCIÓN CULTURAL: �Read “Los Estados Unidos” (p. 23) • Is there is a Hispanic population in your city or in their home towns. Does that population speak Spanish? Is it primarily from, or descended from, people from one area of the Spanish-speaking world in particular? If so, which area? • Do you have friends who speak Spanish. Do these friends speak Spanish at home? Were they born in this country, has their family been in this country for a long time, or are their family members recent arrivals? Where do their ancestors come from? Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 43

INTRODUCCIÓN CULTURAL: � Music from the Spanish-speaking world is very influential in the music of the United States. . . so much so that Latin music has it own set of Grammy awards! Mexican music has always been present in the Southwest, an area that was part of Mexico before belonging to the United States. Today’s ubiquitous salsa sound also originated in the U. S. It was developed by Puerto Rican and Cuban musicians in the New York area. � The influence of salsa and other types of Latin music has spread to the world of jazz, and Latin jazz has an ever-growing body of fans. And don’t forget the big Hispanic names in pop music. The influence of their native culture is often present in their music: Gloria Estefan, Ricky Martin, Shakira, Enrique Iglesias, . . . Capitulo Prelimar Notes & Study Guide 1/16/2022 44