Capital Letters ABC Copy capital letter rule into

Capital Letters ABC Copy capital letter rule into your book. Capital letter rule You need a capital letter: • To start a sentence • For proper nouns (names, people and places) • For each word in a title Arrange the following words into the table. You need to decide if they are common nouns or proper nouns. table paul window coca cola car jungle school amazon rainforest apple taj mahal Common Proper

Capital letter homework Explain the capital letter rule. Correct the following sentences using a capital letter when needed: a) tom, sam and jamie watched the football match on saturday. it was chelsea vs arsenal. b) my puppy, rover, likes to chase my neighbour’s cat, tilly. c) the united states of america has 50 states, one of them being alaska. d) buckingham palace, big ben and the houses of parliament are all tourist attractions in london. e) my friend tim is travelling to australia for his summer break. f) my dad drives a blue bmw. g) mr and mrs smith live on westfield drive in cornwall. h) the simpsons is a famous american television show.

Full Stops. Copy the full stop rule into your book. Full stop rule You need a full stop: • At the end of every sentence you must use a full stop. • When you use acronyms (e. g. U. S. A) • When you abbreviate words (e. g. Dec. ) Make the following sentences correct by adding full stops: a) I walk to school every morning b) My friend Jack likes to play football c) Charles Dickens is a famous author Add full stops and capital letters to show that the following are complete sentences: d) hamlet is a play written by william shakespeare e) mike said that the school was closed because of a bad snowstorm f) prince william and kate middleton got married in 2011

Full stop homework Explain the full stop rule. Copy the following passage making sure you include full stops and capital letters. it was a sunny day my mum suggested having a picnic in riverview park we packed up sandwiches and a selection of cakes to take with us when we got to the park we found a nice spot to have our picnic my dad suggested feeding the ducks by the edge of the lake my brother adam thought it would be funny to push me into the lake i was completely drenched when i finally managed to get out Write two sentences of your own that include capital letters and full stops. Full stop homework Explain the full stop rule. Copy the following passage making sure you include full stops and capital letters. it was a sunny day my mum suggested having a picnic in riverview park we packed up sandwiches and a selection of cakes to take with us when we got to the park we found a nice spot to have our picnic my dad suggested feeding the ducks by the edge of the lake my brother adam thought it would be funny to push me into the lake i was completely drenched when i finally managed to get out Write two sentences of your own that include capital letters and full stops.

Commas in a list , Copy the comma rule into your book. Commas in a list rule Commas are used to separate items in a list. It is optional if you use it before an and, it can make your meaning clearer (it is called an Oxford Comma). Look at this example: To build the shed we will need a hammer, nails, and a saw. Add commas to the following sentences to separate the items in a list: a) Dogs love toys bones and long walks. b) Robbie is a sweet caring and polite boy. c) I have travelled to Spain France Italy and Sweden.

Commas in a list homework Explain the commas in a list rule. Add commas to the following sentences to separate the items in a list: a) b) c) d) e) To make a perfect cup of tea you need a teabag sugar milk and hot water. Burglars love open windows dark streets and unlocked cars. In London tourists can visit Buckingham Palace London Dungeons and The London Eye. The job requires employees to be punctual efficient hardworking and professional. You need to remember to bring you pencil case with pens pencils a ruler and glue. Write two sentences of your own that uses commas in a list.

Commas to add extra information , Copy the comma rule into your book. Commas to add information rule In writing you often provide additional information to make it more interesting for the reader. When the second part of a sentence gives extra information about the first part of the sentence (the main clause), you divide the two parts with a comma. The second part of the sentence is called a subordinate clause. Look at this example: Main information – or main clause extra information – or subordinate clause. Danny is a very talented football player, which is why he plays for Liverpool FC. Add extra information to the following sentences by using a comma: a) My granny is a terrible cook b) Harry ran across the road c) My puppy chewed my socks d) I will meet you in the restaurant

Commas to add information homework Explain the commas to add information rule. Put the comma in the correct place to divide the first part of the sentence from the second part (the main clause from the subordinate clause). a) b) c) My house is in Bromley where my school is. My best friend is a terrible singer who always sounds awful. I got a brand new laptop when it was my birthday. Add extra information to the following sentences by using a comma: a) b) c) d) e) The teacher gave everyone a detention My sister is always happy The dog chased the rabbit My little brother will start school It always rains

Commas for a drop-in clause , Copy the comma rule into your book. Commas to add information rule In writing you often provide additional information to make it more interesting for the reader. You can add this information in the middle of a sentence. This subordinate clause is called a drop-in clause. It has to go in between commas. Look at the following example: The girl fell off her chair. subordinate drop-in clause The girl, who was laughing hysterically, fell off her chair. Rewrite the following sentences by adding a drop-in clause and commas. a) The man slid into the room. b) my sister is called Rosie. c) The dog but the postman. d) My friend works in an office. e) The teacher set a class detention.

Commas for a drop-in clause homework Explain the commas for a drop-in clause rule. Rewrite the sentences by adding a drop-in clause and commas. a) b) c) d) e) My little brother is four. I will meet you at five o’clock. The students have done all their homework. My cat has caught a mouse. My bike has got a flat tyre. Write two sentences of your own that has a drop-in clause.

Commas to divide parts of a sentence , Copy the comma rule into your book. Commas to divide parts of a sentence rule Two parts of a sentence can be linked with a joining word (connective) such as: and, but, although, because, which, or who. You need to put a comma before the joining word (connective). Look at the following example: The boy shouted as loudly as he could, but no one could hear him. connective to link two parts of the sentence. Add commas to divide the separate parts of the following sentences: a) b) c) d) e) Sally bought some flowers for her house but they wilted in the heat. Billy had always wanted to be a writer although he didn’t know where to start. The boy was excited to go theme park but he was too small for the rides. Dan’s room was tidy and that was how he mother liked it. Amanda’s homework was submitted a day early, which was very unusual for her.

Commas to divide parts of a sentence homework Explain the commas to divide parts of a sentence rule. Use a comma and a connective (and, but, although, because, which or who) to join these pairs of sentences. a) b) c) d) e) The dog ate his dinner. He didn’t chase the cat. She was upset. She had missed the last train home. Tom was at a football match. He had a party to go to later. Selma bought some expansive shoes. She had no money left. Fred found a fifty pound note on the pavement. It was a fake. Write two sentences of your own that have a connective and a comma.

Apostrophes for possession ’ Copy the apostrophe for possession rule into your book. Apostrophe for possession rule To show when one thing belongs to another you have to use an apostrophe. The apostrophe goes after the owner and then you add an ‘s’ if the word doesn’t end in ‘s’. Look at these examples: The man’s coat. The Jess’ book. The cats’ paws are muddy. (More than one cat) Owner Add apostrophe and s (if there isn’t one) possession The man ’s coat Jess ’ book The cats ’ paws Rewrite the sentences to include an apostrophe: a) My brothers bicycle. b) The spiders web. c) The schools field. d) James computer. e) The dogs houses. (more than one dog)

Apostrophe for possession homework Explain the apostrophe for possession rule. Rewrite the sentences to show the apostrophe for possession. a) a) b) c) d) e) f) g) The players changing room was a pigsty after the game. (more than one player) The teachers staffroom is very noisy at breaktime. (more than one teacher) Tess computer is very slow. The soldiers tank roared across the landscape. (more than one soldier) The doctors surgery is busy on Monday morning. Mr. Jones jacket is stylish. My sisters dress is lovely. Write two sentences of your own that has an apostrophe for possession.

Apostrophe for omission ’ Copy the apostrophe for omission rule into your book. Apostrophe for omission rule To show when letters have been left out (omission) you have to use an apostrophe. The apostrophe is used to show where letters are left out of a word when you shorten it. Look at the following examples: I have = I’ve He will = he’ll Of the clock = O’clock it is = it’s you will = you’ll she is = she’s Shorten the words in these sentences by using an apostrophe: a) b) c) d) e) It is a beautiful day. He is going to regret stealing the money from his brother. They are the best friends in the world. The dinner is ready. I am the fastest sprinter in the school.

Apostrophe for omission homework Explain the apostrophe for omission rule. Rewrite the passage by writing the words in full instead of shortening them. You’re going on a voyage to the moon. Although it’ll be and exciting adventure, you’ll experience some terrible dangers. It’s Jack’s job to help guide and protect you. He’s been well trained and has a lot of skills in survival tactics. I’d love to come with you, but I’m going on holiday to Hawaii tomorrow and it’d be a shame not to go. Write two sentences of your own to show the apostrophe for omission.

Brackets ( ) Copy the brackets rule into your book. Brackets rule Round brackets (also called parentheses) are mainly used to separate off information that isn’t essential to the meaning of the rest of the sentence. If you removed the bracketed material the sentence would still make perfectly good sense. Look at this example: extra information in brackets Mount Everest (8, 848 m) is the highest mountain in the world. Rewrite the following sentences so they include brackets: a) Ellie my older sister lives in Manchester. b) Jupiter the largest planet is made of gas. c) The twins Ben and Billy have just played their first football match. d) The ambulance which had sirens blaring and lights flashing moved swiftly through the traffic. e) The student who was new to the school got lost to her first lesson.

Brackets homework Explain the brackets rule. Rewrite the passage using brackets. Denver and Max Denver’s cousin went to the shopping centre. They had £ 10 in pound coins between them. Max was hungry he hadn’t eaten all day so he bought a sandwich with halloumi a type of cheese to eat. Write two sentences of your own that use brackets. Brackets homework Explain the brackets rule. Rewrite the passage using brackets. Denver and Max Denver’s cousin went to the shopping centre. They had £ 10 in pound coins between them. Max was hungry he hadn’t eaten all day so he bought a sandwich with halloumi a type of cheese to eat. Write two sentences of your own that use brackets.

Speech marks ‘ ’ Copy the speech marks rules into your book. Speech marks rules • Words that are actually spoken need to go inside speech marks. ‘He’s very clever, you know. ’ • There should be a comma, full stop, question mark, or exclamation mark at the end of a piece of speech. This is placed inside the speech marks. ‘Can I come in? ’ he asked. ‘Just a moment!’ she shouted. ‘You’re right, ’ he said. 'I didn't expect to win. ' • • If direct speech comes after the information about who is speaking, you should use a comma to introduce the piece of speech, placed before the first speech mark: Steve replied, ‘No problem. ’ If the direct speech is broken up by information about who is speaking, you need a comma (or a question mark or exclamation mark) to end the first piece of speech and a full stop or another comma before the second piece (before the speech marks): ‘You’re right, ’ he said. ‘It feels strange. ’ ‘Thinking back, ’ she said, ‘he didn’t expect to win. ’ ‘No!’ he cried. ‘You can’t leave now!’

Speech marks ‘ ’ Rewrite the following sentences using speech marks in the correct places: a) b) c) d) e) Thanks for the help Sally, said Frankie. Jim, can you get some groceries from the supermarket please? asked his mother. I don’t want to be here! shouted the girl. I’ve been experiencing very severe headaches, Doctor, said Jay. The shop assistant asked the woman, Can I help you?

Speech marks homework Explain the speech marks rule. Rewrite the sentences using speech marks: a) b) c) d) e) Katie, can you call the council for me please? I’m worried, Jess said. I think I have lost my purse. The sergeant barked to the troops, Stand to attention! This is the worst film I have seen in my life, moaned Ben. I left the house clean and tidy, explained Sam. Write two sentences of your own using speech marks.

Question mark ? Copy the question mark rule into your book. Question mark rule You must use a question mark to indicate the end of a question. It is the same as a full stop so you must use a capital letter after it. Look at the following example: Have you seen the film yet? Would you like some more? Sometimes one two aren’t enough. Rewrite the following sentences to include question marks: a) b) c) d) e) Do you agree we should follow the road to the right Have you done your homework today I never knew he was 30, did you How cold is it outside now do you believe me Capital letter to start new sentence.

Question mark homework Explain the question mark rule. Rewrite the following sentences to include question marks, if necessary. a) b) c) d) e) Have you thought about reading that book I showed you Don’t you think he looks silly I have never been more happy Are you sure the answer is five There’s no way I’m doing that Write two sentences of your own that use question marks.

Exclamation mark ! Copy the exclamation mark rule into your book. Exclamation mark rule You use an exclamation mark to show: • Added drama • When someone is speaking loudly • Something funny or amusing It is the same as a full stop so you must use a capital letter after it. Look at the following examples: Ow! That hurt! ‘Look up there!’ she yelled. The teacher banned us from using pencils! Rewrite the following sentences to use exclamation marks: a) ‘Look out’ shouted James to his brother. b) What a wonderful surprise that was c) ‘Tidy your room’ shouted mother. ‘It’s a pigsty’ d) She said she was a professional dancer

Exclamation mark homework Explain the exclamation mark rule. Rewrite the sentences so they use an exclamation mark. a) b) c) d) e) You must be joking Maria looked at the sunset and exclaimed, ‘This is the life’ You only have five minutes to complete the whole thing ‘No way’ screamed the girl. ‘I love that band’ When she asked, I just said never Write two sentences of your own that use an exclamation mark.

Semicolons ; Copy the semicolon rule into your book. Semi colon rule You use a semicolon to mark a break that is stronger than a comma but not as final as a full stop. It’s used between two main clauses that balance each other and are too closely linked to be made into separate sentences. Look at the following examples: The road runs through a beautiful wooded valley; the railway line follows it. An art director searched North Africa; I went to the Canary Islands. Rewrite the following sentences to use a semicolon. a) b) c) d) e) A banana tree isn't a tree at all. It's the world's largest herb. Happiness isn't something you experience. It's something you remember. Management is doing things right. Leadership is doing the right things. Bill was going bald. His hair was falling out. Richard likes cake. Susan likes salad.

Semicolon homework Explain the semicolon rule. Rewrite the following sentences to include a semicolon: a) b) c) d) e) I didn’t see the step I’ve now got a bandage on my head. No one was seriously hurt in the accident one man suffered a broken finger. The meeting has been rescheduled for 4 o'clock this reflects the director's new agenda. The manager did not approve the plan he suggested several changes. Eat oranges throughout the journey you may catch scurvy. Write two sentences of your own to include a semicolon.

Dash Write the dash rule into your book. The dash rule Dashes are used to: • mark off information or ideas that are not essential to an understanding of the rest of the sentence • to show other kinds of break in a sentence Look at the following examples: Thousands of children – like the girl in this photograph – have been left homeless. One thing’s for sure – he doesn’t want to face the truth. Things have changed a lot in the last year – mainly for the better. Rewrite the following sentences to use a dash: a) She gave me a terrible haircut and expected a tip! b) All my homework English, Math and Science got eaten by the dog. c) I passed the test I cheated but I passed. d) London looked like the moon shining and beautiful.

Dash homework Explain the dash rule. Rewrite the following sentences to include a dash: a) b) c) d) e) I can speak many languages English, Spanish, and German which helps when I go abroad. He thought he was very funny but he wasn’t! Sam always does his homework that explains his good grades. I forgot the main ingredients eggs and flour so couldn’t make a cake. Someone better help quick! Write two sentences of your own that include a dash.

Colon : Write the colon rule into your book. The colon rule Colons are used: • between two main clauses in cases where the second clause explains or follows from the first • to introduce a list • before a quotation, and sometimes before direct speech Look at these examples: It wasn’t easy: first I had to choose the right partner. You need to be able to: run, jump, climb and crawl at the assault course. The newspaper headline said: ‘War is over. ’ He shouted: ‘I need some help!’ Rewrite the following sentences so they include a colon: a) You need the following ingredients to make a cake eggs, flour, milk, and sugar. b) The secret of his success was simple always follow your gut instinct. c) The scientist explained ‘The damage caused by erosion is hard to combat. ’ d) Carrie screamed ‘ Let me out of here!’

Colon homework Explain the colon rule. Rewrite the following sentences so they include a colon: a) The birthday party is ready cake, candles and balloons at the ready! b) I need tomatoes, cucumber, lettuce, and dressing for my salad. c) The news reports state: ‘The MP has resigned because she believed the government was wrong. ’ d) Rocky said ‘I will win this fight. ’ e) The following items are essential for camping tent, sleeping bag, rucksack, and warm clothes. Write two sentences of your own that include a colon. Colon homework Explain the colon rule. Rewrite the following sentences so they include a colon: a) The birthday party is ready cake, candles and balloons at the ready! b) I need tomatoes, cucumber, lettuce, and dressing for my salad. c) The news reports state: ‘The MP has resigned because she believed the government was wrong. ’ d) Rocky said ‘I will win this fight. ’ e) The following items are essential for camping tent, sleeping bag, rucksack, and warm clothes. Write two sentences of your own that include a colon.