CANADIAN LAW 2104 GOVERNMENT AND LAW MAKING CANADIAN

GOVERNMENT IN CANADA • Canada is a federal state (system) a constitutional monarchy and

CANADA’S FEDERAL SYSTEM • Confederation • Canada became a country on July 1, 1867

CANADA’S FEDERAL SYSTEM • Becoming a nation was difficult • Provinces were very different

LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT • Canada’s government is divided into three levels: Øfederal government (national

THREE DISTINCT BRANCHES • Federal and Provincial governments comprised of three distinct branches •

EXECUTIVE BRANCH • This branch of government is responsible for ‘running the country’ –

EXECUTIVE BRANCH • Sets Policies • Proposes and Administers Laws • Controls government spending

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH (PARLIAMENT) • This branch of government is responsible for initiating, approving or

THE JUDICIARY • Part of government but independent of other two branches • Made

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CANADIAN LAW 2104 GOVERNMENT AND LAW MAKING CANADIAN GOVERNMGOVERENT CHAPTER G 3

GOVERNMENT IN CANADA • Canada is a federal state (system) a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary democracy

CANADA’S FEDERAL SYSTEM • Confederation • Canada became a country on July 1, 1867 • 4 colonies of British North America (NS, NB, Canada East (Quebec) and Canada West (Ontario) joined or confederated to form Dominion of Canada • Over time other provinces and territories joined

CANADA’S FEDERAL SYSTEM • Becoming a nation was difficult • Provinces were very different from each • To bring them together into one nation it was decided to create a federal state or system.

LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT • Canada’s government is divided into three levels: Øfederal government (national level – the whole country) Øprovincial government (provincial/territorial level) Ømunicipal government (community/town/city level) • Each level of government is responsible for different tasks.

THREE DISTINCT BRANCHES • Federal and Provincial governments comprised of three distinct branches • Executive • Legislative • Judiciary • Each branch plays a role in making, interpreting, and enforcing laws in Canada

EXECUTIVE BRANCH • This branch of government is responsible for ‘running the country’ – it implements and enforces the laws created by the legislative branch • Comprised of • Prime Minister, • Cabinet (elected MP’s, MHA’s, appointed by PM. Eg Minister of Justice), • Public or Civil service

EXECUTIVE BRANCH • Sets Policies • Proposes and Administers Laws • Controls government spending

EXECUTIVE BRANCH

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH (PARLIAMENT) • This branch of government is responsible for initiating, approving or rejecting laws in Canada • Consists of: • House of Commons (lower house) • Senate (upper house) • At provincial level it is same, but parliament is usually called the Legislature, or Legislative Assembly, with no Senate

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

THE JUDICIARY • Part of government but independent of other two branches • Made up of justices or judges who adjudicate disputes, interpret the law, and decide on punishments in the court system • Justices are apolitical and independent • Higher court justices (Supreme Court of Canada) are appointed by federal government • Trial court justices at the lower level are appointed by provincial governments

THE JUDICIARY