CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS Urry • Cain • Wasserman • Minorsky • Jackson • Reece 7 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Questions prepared by Brad Stith, University of Colorado Denver Jung Choi, Georgia Institute of Technology © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Cellular respiration can best be described as § using energy released from breaking high-energy covalent bonds in organic molecules to make ATP. § taking electrons from food and giving them to phosphate to make ATP. § taking electrons from food and giving them to oxygen to make water and using the energy released to make ATP. § converting higher-energy organic molecules to lower-energy organic molecules and using the energy released to make ATP. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Cellular respiration can best be described as § using energy released from breaking high-energy covalent bonds in organic molecules to make ATP. § taking electrons from food and giving them to phosphate to make ATP. § taking electrons from food and giving them to oxygen to make water and using the energy released to make ATP. § converting higher-energy organic molecules to lower-energy organic molecules and using the energy released to make ATP. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which statement about glycolysis is true? § It splits water. § It splits glucose. § It occurs in the cytoplasm. § It makes the most ATP compared to the two other steps. § It splits lipids. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which statement about glycolysis is true? § It splits water. § It splits glucose. § It occurs in the cytoplasm. § It makes the most ATP compared to the two other steps. § It splits lipids. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which statement about the citric acid cycle is true? § It occurs during the movement from the cytosol through the mitochondrial membranes. § It makes ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation. § It makes the most ATP compared to the two other steps. § It occurs in the cytoplasm. § It splits glucose. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which statement about the citric acid cycle is true? § It occurs during the movement from the cytosol through the mitochondrial membranes. § It makes ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation. § It makes the most ATP compared to the two other steps. § It occurs in the cytoplasm. § It splits glucose. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What do cells require to sustain high rates of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions? § functioning mitochondria § oxygen § oxidative phosphorylation of ATP § NAD § All of the above are correct. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What do cells require to sustain high rates of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions? § functioning mitochondria § oxygen § oxidative phosphorylation of ATP § NAD § All of the above are correct. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Drugs known as uncouplers facilitate diffusion of protons across the membrane. Brown fat can generate heat without ATP by using uncouplers. With an uncoupler, what will happen to ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption if the rates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle stay the same? § Both ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption will decrease. § ATP synthesis will decrease; oxygen consumption will increase. § ATP synthesis will increase; oxygen consumption will decrease. § Both ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption will increase. § ATP synthesis will decrease; oxygen consumption will stay the same. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Drugs known as uncouplers facilitate diffusion of protons across the membrane. Brown fat can generate heat without ATP by using uncouplers. With an uncoupler, what will happen to ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption if the rates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle stay the same? § Both ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption will decrease. § ATP synthesis will decrease; oxygen consumption will increase. § ATP synthesis will increase; oxygen consumption will decrease. § Both ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption will increase. § ATP synthesis will decrease; oxygen consumption will stay the same. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
The energetic electron, taken from glucose or a breakdown product of glucose, is stripped of its energy to § actively transport H into the intermembrane space. § actively transport NAD into the intermembrane space. § actively transport Na into the matrix. § power facilitated diffusion of H into the matrix. § actively transport H into the matrix. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
The energetic electron, taken from glucose or a breakdown product of glucose, is stripped of its energy to § actively transport H into the intermembrane space. § actively transport NAD into the intermembrane space. § actively transport Na into the matrix. § power facilitated diffusion of H into the matrix. § actively transport H into the matrix. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
ATP synthase at the inner mitochondrial membrane makes ATP by which of the following methods? § allowing Na to move down its electrochemical gradient § allowing H to move against its electrochemical gradient § facilitated diffusion of H § active transport of Na © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
ATP synthase at the inner mitochondrial membrane makes ATP by which of the following methods? § allowing Na to move down its electrochemical gradient § allowing H to move against its electrochemical gradient § facilitated diffusion of H § active transport of Na © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Newborn mammals have a specialized organ called brown fat, where cells burn fat to CO 2 without capturing the energy to reduce electron carriers or make ATP. How can this energy be used instead? § to synthesize glucose from CO 2 § to directly power muscle contraction § to provide energy for endergonic biosynthetic reactions § to generate heat © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Newborn mammals have a specialized organ called brown fat, where cells burn fat to CO 2 without capturing the energy to reduce electron carriers or make ATP. How can this energy be used instead? § to synthesize glucose from CO 2 § to directly power muscle contraction § to provide energy for endergonic biosynthetic reactions § to generate heat © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the purpose of fermentation reactions? § to regenerate NAD so glycolysis can continue § to make alcohol or lactic acid that cells can metabolize for energy under anaerobic conditions § to make additional ATP when respiration can’t make ATP fast enough § to slow down cellular oxygen consumption when oxygen is scarce § to make organic molecules that cells can store until oxygen becomes available © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the purpose of fermentation reactions? § to regenerate NAD so glycolysis can continue § to make alcohol or lactic acid that cells can metabolize for energy under anaerobic conditions § to make additional ATP when respiration can’t make ATP fast enough § to slow down cellular oxygen consumption when oxygen is scarce § to make organic molecules that cells can store until oxygen becomes available © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
During intense exercise, muscles lack sufficient oxygen, so what will the muscles use? § alcoholic fermentation § the citric acid cycle § only glycolysis, with NAD not utilized § lactic acid fermentation § chemiosmosis © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
During intense exercise, muscles lack sufficient oxygen, so what will the muscles use? § alcoholic fermentation § the citric acid cycle § only glycolysis, with NAD not utilized § lactic acid fermentation § chemiosmosis © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
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