Cambridge Nationals Level Topic Exploration Pack Sport Studies

Cambridge Nationals Level ½ Topic Exploration Pack Sport Studies Unit R 052 – Developing sports skills

Contents Aims Learning outcome 1 – be able to use skills, techniques and tactics / strategies / compositional ideas as an individual performer in a sporting activity Learning outcome 2 – be able to use skills, techniques and tactics / strategies / compositional ideas as a team performer in sporting activity Learning outcome 3 – be able to officiate in a sporting activity Learning outcome 4 – be able to apply practice methods to support improvement in a sporting activity Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 1 – be able to use skills, techniques and tactics / strategies /compositional ideas as an individual performer in a sporting activity Learning outcomes for this unit By the end of this topic, you should understand the key components of performance for an individual performer… • Performance of skills and techniques • Creativity • Appropriate use of tactics / strategies / compositional ideas • Decision-making during performance • Ability to manage / maintain own performance Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 1 – be able to use skills, techniques and tactics / strategies / compositional ideas as an individual performer in a sporting activity Creativity during performance/demonstrating creativity Creativity task: Think of an occasion when the following individual performers might show creativity. Snowboarder Answer: Performing a new trick that has never been attempted before in competition. Gymnastics – Pommel Horse Answer: Linking movements together in a unique manner to impress the judges. Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 1 – be able to use skills, techniques and tactics / strategies / compositional ideas as an individual performer in a sporting activity Decision-making during performance Examples of effective decision-making from individual performers: A boxer will make decisions about how to face an opponent e. g. being defensive against an aggressive puncher & waiting for the correct moment to attack. Golfers need to decide which club to use in different weather conditions, such as wind, to make sure that they achieve the required distance. A ski racer will need to decide how to approach an event according to the snow conditions and how fast their competitors have raced. A distance swimmer will need to decide when to change their speed during the latter stages of a race. They must consider energy levels/competitors etc. Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 1 – be able to use skills, techniques and tactics / strategies / compositional ideas as an individual performer in a sporting activity Task: Match the correct example to each component of performance. Performance of skills and techniques A coach suggesting to a badminton player that she hits everything to an opponent’s backhand side Creativity A tennis player remaining calm after receiving a poor call from an umpire Appropriate use of tactics / strategies / compositional ideas A show jumper completing a difficult equestrian routine Decision-making during performance A dancer using a movement that they have designed specifically for a competition Ability to manage / maintain own performance A swimmer getting off to a flying start to try and get ahead of a strong-finishing opponent Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 2 – be able to use skills, techniques and tactics / strategies / compositional ideas as a team performer in a sporting activity Learning outcomes for this unit By the end of this topic, you should understand the key components of performance for a team sport performer… • Performance of skills and techniques • Creativity • Appropriate use of tactics / strategies / compositional ideas • Decision-making during performance • Awareness of role within / contribution to the team Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 2 – be able to use skills, techniques and tactics / strategies / compositional ideas as a team performer in a sporting activity Performance of skills and techniques Task: Name the skills being demonstrated in these images. Short corner in hockey Forward defensive stroke in cricket Free throw in basketball Spike/smash shot in volleyball Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 2 – be able to use skills, techniques and tactics / strategies / compositional ideas as a team performer in a sporting activity Creativity This video shows how a footballer performs a ‘Rabona’ kick. This is an example of creativity which can be used to outwit an opponent and gain a competitive advantage. Task: Think of some examples of where you’ve used creativity in sport. Think of activities you’ve participated in at school as well as your own competitive activities. Explain the positive impact that this creativity had on your team. Example one: Example two: Example three: Explanation: Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 2 – be able to use skills, techniques and tactics / strategies / compositional ideas as a team performer in a sporting activity Appropriate use of tactics / strategies / compositional ideas Make sure that you know the following information: • • • Tactics can be implemented by a manager/coach, or by players during a game. Having a strategy is essential so that a team plays with cohesion and shape. Tactics can be very dynamic: they change all of the time. Different tactics will be used against different opposition. In some sports, (e. g. American Football), tactics can be very complex, and players will need to remember lots of complex set-plays and routines. Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 2 – be able to use skills, techniques and tactics / strategies / compositional ideas as a team performer in a sporting activity Decision-making during performance / awareness of role within team This image shows a rugby player making a positive decision to release the ball before the incoming player tackles him. This would probably be a positive decision. Watch the following You. Tube video It shows a series of poor decisions made by cricketers. Task: Answer the following questions: • • • Why did the batsmen sometimes choose to leave the ball and not attempt to hit it? If you were the other batsmen in any of these shots, what decision could you have made to help / contribute to your team? Give an example of where you’ve made a good decision in sport which has contributed to your team’s performance. Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 3 – be able to officiate in a sporting activity Learning outcomes for this unit By the end of this topic, you should understand the key components of officiating in a sporting activity… • How to apply rules and regulations relevant to the activity • The importance of consistency • The importance of accuracy • The use of signals • How to communicate decisions • The importance of positioning Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 3 – be able to officiate in a sporting activity How to apply rules and regulations relevant to the activity Task: Can you identify the sport that relates to each of the following rules: PLAY THE BALL AS IT LIES PLAYERS SERVE EVERY FOURTH GAME THERE IS A ONE MINUTE REST BETWEENEACH ROUND ANY KIND OF PHYSICAL CONTACT IS A FOUL TEAMS ARE ALLOWED UP TO SEVEN SUBSTITUTES A TEAM IS ALLOWED POSSESSION OF THE BALL FOR SIX TACKLES PLAYERS CAN’T TAKE MORE THAN ONE AND A HALF STEPS WHEN IN POSSESSION THE DURATION OF A MATCH IS 90 MINUTES BALLS MUST BE SPHERICAL AND BETWEEN 68– 70 CM IN SIZE OUTFIELD PLAYERS CAN TOUCH THE BALL WITH ANY BODY PART ABOVE THE KNEE AVOID PLAYING THE WRONG BALL MAXIMUM OF THREE HITS PER SIDE EACH TEAM CAN HAVE A MAXIMUM OF FIVE PLAYERS ON THE COURT PLAYERS ARE NOT ALLOWED TO KICK THE PUCK YOU CAN BE GIVEN OUT LEG BEFORE WICKET (LBW) THE DURATION OF A MATCH IS 80 MINUTES These could be cut out and used as sorting cards along with the answers on the next slide. Answers on next page Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 3 – be able to officiate in a sporting activity How to apply rules and regulations relevant to the activity ANSWERS: GOLF TENNIS (DOUBLES) PROFESSIONAL BOXING BASKETBALL RUGBY UNION RUGBY LEAGUE NETBALL FOOTBALL HANDBALL GOLF VOLLEYBALL BASKETBALL ICE HOCKEY CRICKET RUGBY UNION These could be cut out and used as sorting cards along with the rules. Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 3 – be able to officiate in a sporting activity The importance of consistency and accuracy Case Study: Watch this video on artificial intelligence in professional sports used to aid referees. VAR and other forms of technology used in professional sport have been implemented to improve the consistency and accuracy of officials’ decisions. Task: Try and name as many different kinds of technology as you can from the widest range of sports that you can think of. For each one, state whether you think it is there to improve the consistency, accuracy or both. Without the aid of technology, what will you do to ensure that you are a consistent and accurate umpire/referee/official? Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 Many of these technologies have experienced problems when they were first introduced, but they have generally been accepted by fans after a short while. Hawk Eye technology has been used in cricket since 2001, and in tennis since 2006. Players were unsure of it initially, but it has arguably made these two sports more enjoyable to play and watch. © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 3 – be able to officiate in a sporting activity The use of signals and communicating decisions Task: Complete the table below which will develop your knowledge of signalling/communicating decisions. Sport/official Basketball referee Signal Meaning Raising both hands high and straight above their head Cross arms over chest and place hands on opposite shoulders Cricket umpire OUT! Netball umpire Contact Holding flag across chest Uses foot to make a mark on the touchline Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 Where the game restarts from © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 3 – be able to officiate in a sporting activity The use of signals and communicating decisions ANSWERS: Sport/official Signal Meaning Basketball referee Raising both hands high and straight above their head Successful 3 -point shot Hockey umpire Cross arms over chest and place hands on opposite shoulders Obstruction Cricket umpire One arm raised and finger pointed OUT! Netball umpire One arm extended, other arm across chest with hand on opposite shoulder Contact Football assistant referee Holding flag across chest To alert the referee that a penalty should be awarded Rugby touch judge Uses foot to make a mark on the touchline Where the game restarts from Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 3 – be able to officiate in a sporting activity The importance of positioning This image shows a football assistant referee’s positioning for a corner kick. Task: Have a discussion with your partner about where the assistant referee is standing. What are some advantages of their positioning? It allows them to see if the ball crosses the line. They can ensure that the ball is in the quadrant. What are the possible disadvantages? They can’t see into the area very well. Their vision can be obscured by the corner-taker. Write down any others that you can think of. Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 4 – be able to apply practice methods to support improvement in a sporting activity Learning outcomes for this unit By the end of this topic, you should be able to apply practice methods to support improvement in a sporting activity… • How to identify areas of improvement in your own performance in a sporting activity • Different types of skills • Different types of practice • The methods to improve your own performance • How to measure improvement in skills, techniques and strategies developed Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 4 – be able to apply practice methods to support improvement in a sporting activity How to identify areas of improvement in your own performance To be a better performer, it is important to apply your knowledge in a wide range of sports. TASK: Watch the following You. Tube video It shows an American college volleyball match. Try and focus on one player to complete the table. What key skills can you see? You will need to know the following: • What are the key skills in your activity? • Which key skills are your strengths? • Which key skills are your weaknesses? Which of these skills are strengths? Which of the skills are weaknesses? Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 Remember: You don’t need to be a volleyball expert to identify strengths & weaknesses! © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 4 – be able to apply practice methods to support improvement in a sporting activity Types of skills You will need to know about some of the different types of skills: SIMPLE SKILL (A skill that is easily transferable to other sports and only needs basic bodily movements). COMPLEX SKILL (A skill that is not usually transferable to other sports and usually requires complicated bodily movements). TASK: Give some examples of where you use simple skills in your activities. TASK: Give some examples of where you use complex skills in your activities. Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 4 – be able to apply practice methods to support improvement in a sporting activity Types of skills You will need to know about some of the different types of skills: OPEN SKILL (A skill that is adaptable and its success depends on the environment and everything around you). CLOSED SKILL (A skill that is performed in a stable environment and its success is largely controlled by you). TASK: Give some examples of where you use open skills in your activities. TASK: Give some examples of where you use closed skills in your activities. Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 4 – be able to apply practice methods to support improvement in a sporting activity Types of practice and methods to improve your performance You will need to know about some of the different types of practice: Task: Complete the table below. Decide from the word bank which type of practice is best suited to each activity, and give another example of a suitable activity for each practice type. WHOLE PART VARIABLE FIXED PRACTICE TYPE ACTIVITY YOUR EXAMPLES A trampolining somersault Shooting at goal in netball from the same place A football shooting drill with a range of ‘feeds’ The follow-through from a badminton smash You can improve your performance by using different types of practice, and by: • • Altering the context of your performance. e. g. playing against a stronger opponent. Using different tools, (e. g. video analysis – like the volleyball task you completed). Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 4 – be able to apply practice methods to support improvement in a sporting activity Types of practice and methods to improve your performance ANSWERS: Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 PRACTICE TYPE ACTIVITY WHOLE A trampolining somersault FIXED Shooting at goal in netball from the same place VARIABLE A football shooting drill with a range of ‘feeds’ PART The follow-through from a badminton smash YOUR EXAMPLES © OCR 2021

Learning outcome 4 – be able to apply practice methods to support improvement in a sporting activity How to measure improvement in skills, techniques and strategies developed Completing awards Peer observations Keeping an individual log Monitoring competition results Keeping video diaries Coaching/ officiating awards can deepen your understanding. Our best learning often occurs when we’re observing others. These can keep you motivated when things aren’t going as well! Look for patterns in your performances and see when you’re at your best. Useful to remind you of how far you’ve come and to analyse weaknesses. Cambridge Nationals Level 1/2 Sport Studies Unit R 052 © OCR 2021

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