CAIRAN ELEKTROLIT Keseimbangan Cairan l l Makan Minum
CAIRAN & ELEKTROLIT
Keseimbangan Cairan l l Makan & Minum Konservasi air oleh Ginjal “output = intake” Figure 20 -2: Water balance in the body
Struktur & Kerja; Hormon Steroid Figure 20 -1: Integrated responses to changes in blood volume and blood pressure
Keseimbangan Cairan Figure 20 -3: Role of the kidneys in water balance
Nephron Recycling: Overview Figure 20 -4: Osmolarity changes as fluid flows through the nephron
Rebsorbsi Air pada Ansa Henle Desenden l l l Countercurrent multiplier exchange Gradien Osmotik Medula H 2 O ECF pembuluh darah vasa rekta Figure 20 -10: Countercurrent exchange in the medulla of the kidney
Kompartemen Cairan Tubuh l l Intracellular (ICF) Extracellular (ECF) l l Interstitial Plasma Figure 5 -13: Body fluid compartments
Distribusi Air dan Solut pada Kompartemen Tubuh l l Sekitar 60% BB merupakan Air 67% air -intraselular 33% air -extraselular l 8% plasma l 25% interstitial % terdapat variasi ringan berhubungan dengan usia & jenis kelamin Figure 5 -32: Distribution of volume in the body fluid compartments
Keseimbangan Osmosis and Osmotik l l l Air bebas melewati membran Tekanan Osmotik (mm. Hg) Osmolaritas Osmolalitas Membandingkan dua solut l l l Isosmotic Hyperosmotic Hyposmotic Figure 5 -34: Osmosis and osmotic pressure
Tonisitas: bagaimana sel bereaksi terhadap solut l l l Penetrating solut Non-penetrating solut Isotonic Hypertonic Hypotonic Figure 5 -35 a, b: Tonicity depends on the relative concentrations of nonpenetrating solutes
Figure 5 -35 c, d: Tonicity depends on the relative concentrations of nonpenetrating solutes
Respons Pada Keseimbangan Dehidrasi & Osmolaritas Figure 20 -17 : Homeostatic compensation for severe dehydration
Keseimbangan Asam-Basa l l l Asidosis: p. H plasma l Kerusakan Protein l Penekanan SSP Alkalosis: p. H plasma Hipereksitabilitas l SSP & Jantung Bufer: HCO 3 - & protein “H+ input”: diet & metabolik “H+ output”: paru & ginjal
Keseimbangan Asam-Basa Figure 20 -18: Hydrogen balance in the body
Keseimbangan Ion Hidrogen Ginjal: Tubulus Proksimal l l H+ & NH 4+ disekresi ke dalam lumen dan dieksresikan HCO 3 - direabsorbsi
Keseimbangan Ion Hidrogen Ginjal: Tubulus Proksimal
Keseimbangan Ion Hidrogen Ginjal: Duktus Koligens l l Sel Interkalasi Tipe A mengekskresi H+ dan absorbsi HCO 3 Sel Interkalasi Tipe B mengabsorbsi H+ dan sekresi HCO 3 -
Keseimbangan Ion Hidrogen Ginjal: Duktus Koligens Figure 20 -22: Role of the intercalated cell in acidosis and alkalosis
RENTANG ASAM BASA TUBUH
DISKUSI l l Asidosis Metabolik Alkalosis Metabolik Asidosis Respiratorik Alkalosis Respiratorik ? ? ?
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