CAF Consider All Factors The CAF approach has

CAF (Consider All Factors) The CAF approach has been opted in contrast with other thinking skills, since its applications address the critical transport constraints from the grass-root level. These include different schemes of investigation being personal, social, and administrative / political dimensions. These have been highlighted in terms of relevant aspects which can potentially serve as insights to sustainable solutions in traffic management. In view that the CAF thinking skill provides insights to sensitive personal issues, it can be more proactively adopted to implement feasible options. All the aspects highlighted within the 3 categories serve as inputs to more affective decision-making as regards to practical realization of the notion of green transport.

Factors impacting the Individual: • Time and personal management; • Personal life goals; • Mental fatigue; • Higher stress levels / anxiety; • Delays; • Daily planning routine; • Recreational / environmental quality; • Overall quality of life.

Factors impacting the Society: • Psychosocial diseases including stress; • Delayed deliveries; • Uncertainty; • Disruption of planned activities; • Difficulties in serving customers; • Lower quality of service; • Quality of communication; • Financial costs; • Accidents particularly in rush hours; • Rationalization and re-planning of working schedule to minimize rush hours; • Adoption of practical and economic options e. g. car pooling; • Rescheduling routes of public transport; • Increased transport / distribution costs; • Health issues such as asthma, wheezing, coughing; • Social issues – less time spent with children and social obligations (early departures & late arrivals at home).

Factors impacting the Administrative / Political Dimension: • Economic costs – upgrading of infrastructure; • Higher vehicle operating costs and fuel expenses; • Government schemes to opt for cars with lower emissions; • Parking problems; • More accidents result in hospitalization costs; • Higher pollution levels which leads to less tourism, more health problems; and absenteeism from work; • Higher import of fuels; • Outflow of finances – deficit; • Increased labour / overtime costs; • Lower sales as a result; • Sustainable modes of transport and efficient road use – understand how to trigger positive behavior change in road users.