Ca 1780 1860 THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD ESCAPE FROM

Ca. 1780 – 1860 THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD ESCAPE FROM SLAVERY Marijke Lampaert-Haring

SLAVERY IN THE SOUTH : LIFE ON THE PLANTATION � � Slaves treated badly – beatings House slaves Marijke Lampaert-Haring

SLAVERY IN THE SOUTH : WORK ON THE PLANTATION � � Field slaves : backbreaking work in cotton, sugar or tobacco fields No pay Marijke Lampaert-Haring

SLAVERY IN THE SOUTH : PROPERTY NOT PEOPLE Marijke Lampaert-Haring

SLAVERY IN THE SOUTH : HOUSING � � Housing: small wooden cabins No privacy Marijke Lampaert-Haring

PLANTATION HOUSES AND OWNERS Stark contrast to the slave dwellings Idealised picture of plantation house and slave quarters in the background Marijke Lampaert-Haring

PERCEPTIONS OF THE NORTH � � � Slaves dreamt of the North 14 states where blacks were free Canada : the promised land Job opportunities outside the fields Industry Marijke Lampaert-Haring

What is the Underground Railroad � When was it active � From where to where did it operate � How did it work � Railroad names � Slave owner’s perspective � Civil War and slavery � When and why did it stop ‘running’ � Marijke Lampaert-Haring

WHAT IS THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD � � � � Not a real railroad Network of people and routes A system to help slaves escape form plantations in the South Named after the real railroad that transported people Railroad was just becoming popular means of transport Called underground because it was secret Name Underground Railroad given ca. 1831 Marijke Lampaert-Haring

WHEN WAS IT ACTIVE � � Started ca. 1780 s George Washington complained about his slaves running away in 1786 Helped by the Quakers At its height 1850 - 1860 Marijke Lampaert-Haring

FROM WHERE TO WHERE DID IT OPERATE Marijke Lampaert-Haring

HOW DID IT WORK � � � � At night In secret Help provided for the escaping slaves Food Hiding places Route Transport Marijke Lampaert-Haring

RAILROAD NAMES � � � CONDUCTORS: helped slaves to escape Accompanied them for a part or whole of the journey STATIONS : stops along the route PASSENGERS / CARGO / GOODS : the escaping slaves ENGINEERS : provided the goods and means necessary Marijke Lampaert-Haring

SLAVE OWNER’S PERSPECTIVE � � � The South depended on slavery Cheap labour for plantations Bounty hunters to catch runaway slaves Fugitive Slave Act 1850 The North generally rejected slavery One of the causes for the Civil War Marijke Lampaert-Haring

CIVIL WAR AND SLAVERY � � � 1861 -1865 Civil War Between Union (North) and Confederates (South) 1 st January 1963 Emancipation Proclamation President Abraham Lincoln Freed slaves in Confederate South Marijke Lampaert-Haring

WHEN AND WHY DID IT STOP RUNNING � � � End of the Civil War 1865 The North won 1865 : 13 th Amendment added to the US constitution Abolished slavery in all of the USA End of the Underground Railroad Marijke Lampaert-Haring

SOURCES USED � � � � Accessible Archives. (n. d. ). Quilts and the Underground Railroad. Retrieved 20 February 2015 from http: //www. accessible-archives. com/2012/01/quilts-and-theunderground-railroad/ Africans in America. (n. d. ). The Underground Railroad. Retrieved 20 February 2015 from http: //www. pbs. org/wgbh/aia/part 4/4 p 2944. html Harriet Tubman Society. (n. d. ). What was the Underground Railroad. Retrieved 20 February 2015 from http: //www. harriet-tubman. org/underground-railroad/ History. (n. d. ). The Underground Railroad. Retrieved 20 February 2015 from http: //www. history. com/topics/black-history/underground-railroad History 2. (n. d. ). The American Civil War. Retrieved 20 February 2015 from http: //www. history. com/topics/american-civil-war N. N. (n. d. ). Pathways to Freedom. Retrieved 20 February 2015 from http: //pathways. thinkport. org/about/ Scholastic. (n. d. ). The Underground Railroad. Retrieved 20 February 2015 fromhttp: //teacher. scholastic. com/activities/bhistory/underground_railroad/plantatio n. htm Marijke Lampaert-Haring