By Colton Smaldone Introduction LASIK LaserAssisted InSitu Keratomileusis

By Colton Smaldone

$Introduction Ø LASIK : Laser-Assisted In-Situ Keratomileusis Ø Form of Refractive Surgery Ø Reduces/Eliminates$

Introduction Ø LASIK : Laser-Assisted In-Situ Keratomileusis Ø Form of Refractive Surgery Ø Reduces/Eliminates need for eyeglasses & corrective lenses Ø Corrects: -Myopia -Hyperopia -Astigmatsim

Brief History Ø 1950’s – Columbian Jose Barraquer developed Microkeratome & keratomileusis techniques and discovered root causes for eye trauma Ø 1970’s – Russian Svyatoslav Fyodorov developed Radial Keratotomy (and posterior chamber implantable contact lenses in 1980) Ø 1970’s – Development of Excimer Laser (origin of LASEK laser) Ø 1982 – 3 Members of the IBM research team discovered the laser could be used to remove biological tissue without heat damage to surrounding tissue Ø 1987 – Dr. Steven Trokel performed the 1 st laser surgery on a patients eye Ø 1996 – Lasik Eye Surgery cecame officially approved by the U. S. government

Procedure

Examples of Correction

Results Ø The surgery is typically done within 30 minutes or less -quick & painless Ø Most people achieve 20/20 vision (or even better) afterwards (90% reach desired vision after LASIK) Ø May still need glasses/contact lenses, but prescription is much lower than before Ø A small percentage of people have an enhancement (minor touch up) surgery later for further improved vision Ø Requires no bandages or stitches

Risks/Limitations Risks of Lasik Eye Surgery Limitations of Lasik Eye Surgery Ø Undercorrection Ø Results may not be permanent Ø Overcorrection Ø May still need glasses/contacts Ø Astigmatism Ø Effects non-reversible Ø Glare, Halos, & Double Vision Ø 2 -3 months for full recovery Ø Dry Eyes Ø Average cost $2000 per eye Ø Flap Problems Ø Can not be done for all eye types

$Other Surgeries Ø Photorefractive keratectomy (PKR) Ø LASEK Eye Surgery Ø Phakic intraocular lenses$

Other Surgeries Ø Photorefractive keratectomy (PKR) Ø LASEK Eye Surgery Ø Phakic intraocular lenses (Phakic IOL)

Future Ø Improvements in acuity of laser Ø More accurate calibration techniques/equipment to avoid too much or too little tissue removal Ø Faster Recovery Rate Ø Lower Price Ø The ability to undergo surgery at a younger age

Works Cited Boxer Wachler, Brian S. "The LASIK Procedure: A Complete Guide. " All About Vision. N. p. , Nov. 2012. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. <http: //www. allaboutvision. com/visionsurgery/lasik. htm>. "History of Laser Eye Surgery. " Laser Eye Surgery - Vision Insurance, n. d. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. <http: //www. dlxguard. com/history-laser-eye-surgery>. "The History of Lasik Surgery. " History and Development of Lasik and Laser Eye Surgery. N. p. , n. d. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. <http: //www. lasik-eyesurgery. info/history. html>. Mayo Clinic Staff. "Definition. " Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 04 Nov. 2011. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. <http: //www. mayoclinic. com/health/lasik-eyesurgery/MY 00376/DSECTION=why%2 Dits%2 Ddone>. Randleman, J. B. , MD. "LASIK Eye Surgery Risks, Advantages, Disadvantages, Facts, History and Complications on Medicine. Net. com. " Medicine. Net. Ed. Melissa C. Stöppler, MD. Medicine. Net, n. d. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. <http: //www. medicinenet. com/lasik_eye_surgery/article. htm>. Web MD. "LASIK Laser Eye Surgery: Procedure, Recovery, and Side Effects. " Web. MD, 26 Oct. 2011. Web. 19 Nov. 2012. <http: //www. webmd. com/eye-health/lasik-laser-eye-surgery>.