Buzzer Benchmark Based on the map shown below

Buzzer Benchmark

Based on the map shown below, where do scientists believe that homo sapiens first developed?

Which item best completes the chart? • • A B C D Created the loom to make clothing Migrated in search of food and water Lived in large social groups Ate a diet consisting of animals they tamed and raised

What was an important effect of the changes during the Neolithic Era? • A People began to create permanent settlements. • B Scientific knowledge spread through their writings. • C Societies collapsed and the population declined. • D Money was used rather than trading goods.

Which of the following is NOT a way civilizations preserved knowledge in a written form? • • A B C D Mayan calendar Phoenician alphabet Egyptian hieroglyphics Byzantine mosaics

Which early civilization developed a network of overseas trade routes around the Mediterranean Sea? A. B. C. D. Mesopotamia Phoenicia Egypt Hebrews

Which early civilization was the first to practice monotheism? A. B. C. D. Zhou Egyptians Hebrews Assyrians

The Indus and Huang He (Yellow) Rivers are both closely associated with • • A B C D border disputes sacred biblical sites cradles of early civilization routes that spread Islam to the east

The civil service system, paper, silk and porcelain were all contributions of – A. B. C. D. China India Japan Korea

The symbol below is important in – A. B. C. D. Judaism and Christianity Hinduism and Buddhism Confucianism and Taoism Islam and Shintoism

Which of the following is most closely associated with the spread of Buddhism? • A war • B the Indo-Aryan migration • C the missionaries Shi Huangdi sent out after his conversion to Buddhism • D trade

Which civilization built an elaborate road system and an imperial bureaucracy in order to effectively govern their large empire? A. B. C. D. Persia Babylonia Egypt Mohenjo Daro

What impact did the Himalayas, the Hindu Kush and the Indian Ocean have on the development of civilizations in India? • A Better communication developed with other cultures • B Trade with other Asian civilizations flourished • C Allowed the government to greatly expand the empire • D Gave increased protection from outside invasions

The Hindu faith believes in – A. B. C. D. many forms of one main god two opposing forces of good and evil making the most of the one life given a savior to rescue people from suffering

The purpose of following the Eightfold Path is to – • • A B C D be reborn in a higher form achieve enlightenment spread Buddha’s beliefs become a spiritual leader

The geographic feature that both isolated and protected the Greek citystates was its – • A lack of arable land for farming • B location on the Mediterranean Sea • C mountainous terrain throughout the region • D many natural harbors and irregular coastline

What purpose did mythology serve in early Greek civilizations? • A It helped explain the natural world and life events. • B It gave them a set of rules to follow to reach heaven. • C It provided courage to conquer and expand their empire. • D It honored the perfection of the gods and goddesses.

What impact did the Peloponnesian War have on Greece? • A Athens and Sparta defeated the Persians and dominated the Aegean Sea. • B Sparta defeated Athens, but most of the Greek city-states were weakened. • C Athens defeated Sparta, but lost many of their great leaders in battle. • D The Persians defeated the Greeks and took control of all the city-states.

Both Herodotus and Thucydides were Greek – A. B. C. D. philosophers historians playwrights sculptors

By establishing an empire from Greece to Egypt and India, Alexander caused a blending of these cultures called – A. B. C. D. Persian Hellenic Hellenistic Macedonian

When Christianity first began the beliefs were – • A rejected because they conflicted with the polytheistic beliefs of Rome • B incorporated into the existing religion to be more acceptable to all • C accepted by the Emperor, but the people refused to follow them • D accepted quickly by the Roman people as well as the Emperor

The many problems within the Roman Empire led to – • A the collapse of the western part of the empire • B a revolution and the restoration of a republic • C a drastic increase in morals and faith • D an overhaul of the monetary system

In the Roman Republic the majority of the population were – A. B. C. D. slaves consuls patricians plebeians

How were the Punic Wars a turning point for Rome? A. Rome lost all power in the region and had to give up their colonies. B. Rome gained access to a new trade route and improved their economy. C. Rome suffered incredible losses and could not recover from the destruction. D. Rome acquired new territory and wealth and greatly increased their influence

Based on the Pantheon, Colosseum and aqueducts, which conclusion can be drawn about the Roman Empire? • A Government and the law were at the heart of civic life. • B Religion was an extremely important part of their culture. • C Many advances were made in engineering and architecture. • D There was little interest in scientific and medical achievements.

Political conflict in the Roman Republic was usually between • • A B C D patricians and slaves Augustus Caesar and Marc Antony plebeians and Carthaginians patricians and plebeians

How was citizenship in the Roman Republic and Athens similar? • A Both allowed citizens to vote directly on laws • B Adult, free men were citizens • C Patricians held most of the power • D All citizens were expected to gather to debate and vote on laws.

A key difference that led to the split of the Roman Catholic Church and the Greek Orthodox Church was that they did not agree on the – • • A B C D role of Jesus as the son of God extent of the Pope’s authority day to have religious services methods for achieving salvation

Byzantine art generally focused on – A. B. C. D. historic scenes everyday life religious subjects nature landscapes

Cyril’s purpose in developing the Cyrillic alphabet was to – • • A B C D spread Christianity record Byzantine laws teach Greek to the Slavs expand the Byzantine Empire

Constantine chose the location of Constantinople because it was – • A a religious pilgrimage site for all followers of Christianity • B at the crossroads of several trade routes and easily protected • C in close proximity to Rome which provided easier communication • D the location of many great military successes for the Roman Empire

Which term is most closely associated with these statements: • Cyrillic alphabet adopted for use in Russia • Russians accepted the teachings of the Orthodox Christian Church • Onion-shaped domes dotted the skyline of Kievan Russia A ethnocentrism B cultural diffusion C interdependence D military conquest

Islamic civilization helped preserve ancient learning by • A developing a number system • B tolerating all faiths • C translating the works of classical scholars into Arabic • D using ancient manuscripts in religious services

What event led to the division of Islam into Sunni and Shi’a? • A The decision by Muhammad to leave Mecca and migrate to Medina • B The death of Ali and the dispute over who was the rightful successor • C The conquering of Baghdad and the establishment as the new capital • D The loss at the Battle of Tours and argument over who was to blame

The guidelines followed by Muslims are outlined in the – A. B. C. D. Four Noble Truths Five Pillars of Faith Ten Commandments Twelve Tables

The inventions of the lateen sail and compass were important because they allowed – A. The navigation of the Mediterranean Sea B. improved communication between regions C. more goods to be traded between civilizations D. increased migration across the continents

The gold and salt trade in Africa took place along the – • • A B C D Silk Road Trans-Saharan Route Northern Baltic Route Royal Road

What was the main cause for the widespread expansion of Islam? A. Missionaries praising the word of Allah B. Forced conversion by the leaders of the empire C. Migration of new followers to Mecca and Medina D. Diffusion along the trade routes in the Middle East

Timbuktu was an important city because it was – A. B. C. D. a former capital of the Islamic Empire a center of learning and Islamic culture the only city to survive the Muslim invasions the site of the final battle between Ghana and Mali

Which African civilization had the advantage of being located near the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers and the Indian Ocean coast? • • A B C D Axum Kush Songhai Zimbabwe

Which civilization is not matched with the correct geographic area? • • A B C D Maya- Yucatan Peninsula Inca- Andes Mountains Mali- Sahel Aksum- Sahara Desert

What did the Maya, Aztec and Inca all have in common? • • A B C D Belief in polytheism Elaborate road systems Destruction by earthquakes Government ruled by an emperor

An important role of the Church during the Middle Ages was – • A maintaining an army to protect the people • B preserving ancient literature and knowledge • C developing new scientific and medical theories • D providing food for all people in the communities

A key reason for the spread of Renaissance ideas was the – • A invention of the movable type printing press • B support of the Pope and Catholic Church • C impressive beauty of the works of art • D encouragement of the Italian princes

During the Renaissance there was a movement to celebrate the individual and secular life. This was called – • • A B C D Monasticism Romanticism Humanism Deism

What was an important effect of the Crusades? A. An increase in the power of the Pope and the nobles. B. A decline in trade throughout Europe and the Middle East. C. A legacy of bitterness among Christians, Jews and Muslims. D. A stronger Byzantine Empire that dominated the Middle East.

The feudal system was based on a series of obligations in order to function. What was the relationship between the vassal and serf? • A The serf provided political protection while the vassal offered loyalty. • B The vassal gave the serf a fief while the serf performed military service. • C The vassal protected the serf while the serf provided food and paid taxes. • D The serf granted the use of an army while the vassal conquered new lands.

Shintoism can best be described as believing in – A. one god and offering human and animal sacrifices to him B. forces of nature and worshipping ancestors and the emperor C. many powerful gods with human characteristics and flaws D. one universal spirit that chooses who gains access to heaven

Why did the Renaissance begin in the Italian city-states? A. Many European scholars had migrated to the area. B. The Black Plague had not spread to southern Europe. C. The merchants lost power to leaders of the Catholic Church. D. They had grown wealthy from trade between Europe and Asia.

Who was the king of the Franks that united much of Western Europe and revived the idea of the Roman Empire? A. B. C. D. Clovis Charlemagne Pepin Lothair

• After the fall of Rome, the unifying force in Europe was the – • A Viking invasions • B Islamic Empire • C Catholic Church • D Byzantine Empire

Which type of government best completes the stages of government in Athens? • • A B C D Republic Theocracy Democracy Dictatorship

Which title best completes the chart? A. B. C. D. Greek Gods and Goddesses Roman Gods and Goddesses Egyptian Gods and Goddesses Indian Gods and Goddesses

Which leader best completes the chart? A. B. C. D. Constantine Justinian Theodosius Arcadius

What is the significance of the building shown below? • A It was part of the reconstruction of Athens after the Persian Wars. • B It was where the treaty was signed that ended the Persian Wars. • C It was a center of learning and education for all citizens. • D It was the temple to all of the Roman gods and goddesses.

The terraces created by the Inca are an example of – A. B. C. D. creating a different way to worship their gods developing new defenses for better protection physically showing the differences in social classes adapting their farming methods to fit the environment

What conclusion about the Roman world around AD 526 can be drawn from the information on this map? • • A The Gauls dominated trade on the Mediterranean Sea B Rome was the capital of the entire western region C The eastern region was unified under the Byzantine Empire D The division between eastern and western Rome followed natural boundaries

Which event best completes the timeline shown below? A. B. C. D. Charlemagne unifies France and England Pope Urban II calls for the First Crusade Charles Martel defeats the Muslims at Tours Joan of Arc leads the French army into battle

The event this passage is referring to is the – A. B. C. D. Black Death Crusades Great Famine Inquisition

Which statement accurately describes the civilization shown on the map below? • A As an archipelago, Japan was protected from invasion. • B Because of its protected position, Japan was never influenced by nearby civilizations • C China was able to repeatedly invade Japan because of its vulnerability. • D Mountains protected Japan from seaborne invasions.