Business Communication CMUN 11 Mrs Waddell Agenda Nonverbal

Business Communication CMUN 11 Mrs. Waddell

Agenda • Nonverbal Communication • Meyers & Briggs Personality Profile • The Generational Divide (if time) • Next week: Interviewing & Listening Skills

Welcome! Nonverbal Communication & Presentation Skills

Communicating Without Words • We all communicate nonverbally • By analyzing nonverbal cues, we can – enhance our understanding – define relationships

Cues and Contexts n We communicate nonverbally through l our bodies and appearance l the environment we create and live in

Cues and Contexts n Nonverbal communication § Perpetual § Frequently involuntary n Verbal and nonverbal messages § Clear messages § Mixed messages –words and actions contradiction

Aspects of Nonverbal Communication n Kinesics – the study of body language l Facial Expressions = emotion display

Posture and Gestures n Posture sends messages: l l l n Content and confident? Angry and belligerent? Worried and discouraged? Flight or Fight The way you feel about those with whom you are communicating Gestures sends messages: l l Movements of arms, legs, hands, and feet send messages about us Gestures do not have universal meanings

Functions of Nonverbal Communication n n Message Reinforcement n “I love you” & kisses Message Negation n “We need to spend less time together” & moving closer Message Substitution n Pointing/gestures/ “OK” sign Message Accentuation n “I’m so angry!” & pulling on hair Message Regulation n eye contact/posture/gestures n Signals flow of conversation

Clothing and Artifacts n Artifactual communication – the use of personal adornments l Extremely important in creating a first impression l Dress and chosen images should change as our roles change l Sometimes the basis for judgments regarding success, character, dominance, and competence

Paralanguage n Paralanguage – vocal cues that accompany language l Pitch n Habitual pitch l Volume l Rate l Pauses n Nonfluencies n Silence

Confused Communication • Speech Fillers/Nonfluencies – confuse the listener, with the message becoming garbled – anything that interrupts the message and can include: – – – – UM UH Like OKAY You Know So then Now…

Space and Distance n Distances l l n Intimate: 0 -18 inches Personal: 18 inches to 4 ft. Social: 4 to 12 ft. Public: 12 ft. to limit of sight Spaces l l l Informal: highly mobile and can be quickly changed Semifixed-feature: the use of objects to create distance Fixed-feature: relatively permanent objects to define the environment around us

Territoriality and Personal Space n Territoriality – the need to demonstrate a possessive or ownership relationship to space l Markers – used to establish territory or reserve one’s space

Colors n Color affects us emotionally and physiologically l Some of the emotions colors can trigger: n Excitement n Warmth n Passion and sensuality n Happiness n Relaxation n Persuasion

Chronemics n Using time to communicate l The meaning of time differs around the world l “Time talks” n Last minute invitations n Habitual tardiness n Leaving early n Allocation of certain activities to appropriate times n Structure time differently

Haptics n Haptics – the study of the use of touch Culturally conditioned l Correlates positively with openness, comfort with relationships l Can reflect status l Valued differently by different cultures l

Gender and Nonverbal Behavior n Visual Dominance – measured by comparing the percentage of looking while speaking with the percentage of looking while listening l Men – higher levels of looking while speaking l Women – higher levels of looking while listening

Gendered Communication

Diversity and Nonverbal Behavior n Contact cultures vs. Low-contact cultures n Different cultures may express emotion or intimacy in different ways n Cultural background also affects their use of touch and personal space n Identical nonverbal cues may still convey different meanings in different cultures

MEYERS & BRIGGS PERSONALITY PROFILE Speech 5

Meyers & Briggs • Preference test – Dependent upon context • 16 Types – Extraversion/Introversion – Sensing/Intuition – Thinking/Feeling – Judging/Perceiving

Extraversion/Introversion • Similarities and differences

Extraversion (75%) • Relates more easily to the outer world of people and things • Life is an open book • Gather’s energy with people • Expends energy • Thinks out loud • Many friends • Many topics

Introversion (25%) • Relates more easily to the inner world of ideas and concepts • Saves energy • People draw out energy • Territoriality • Thinks inside • 1 -1 relationships • In depth relationships

Sensing/Intuition • Similarities and differences

Sensing (75%) • • • Input Would rather work with known facts How you bring your information in Down to earth Likes rules Decisions made on past experience Enjoys using skills they know Routine details Few factual errors

Intuition (25%) • Input • Would rather look for possibilities and relationships • Prefers new skills • Works with bursts of energy • Attracted by the future • Looks for possibilities • Hunches • Speculative

Thinking/Feeling • Similarities and differences

Thinking (50%) • Output • Gender 51% of group male • Judgments based more on impersonal analysis and logic • Linear

Thinking (50%) • • • Doesn’t show emotions readily Concerned with the Law Analytical Standards Problems accepting errors

Feeling (50%) • Output • Gender 51% of group Female • Judgments based more on personal values • Needs and wants harmony • Illogically ignores facts when feelings are stronger

Feeling (50%) • Social values • Extenuating circumstances • Justice • People oriented

Judging/Perceiving • Similarities and differences

Judging (50%) • • • Likes a planned, decided, orderly way of life Systematic way of deciding needs resolution and closure Urgency until decision then calm Strong work ethic Outcome oriented

Perceiving (50%) • • Likes a flexible, spontaneous way of life Experiencing life Accepting of the world Prefers options Resistance to decisions Deadlines are a time to get started Life happens--deal with it Spontaneous, fluid

THE FOUR TEMPERAMENTS RATIONALS ARTISANS IDEALISTS GUARDIANS

CONCRETE COMMUNICATORS COOPERATIVE in implementing goals Highly skilled in LOGISTICS THE GUARDIANS CONSERVATORS ADMINISTRATORS PROTECTORS INSPECTORS ISTJ SUPERVISORS ESTJ ISFJ PROVIDERS ESFJ

ABSTRACT COMMUNICATORS COOPERATIVE in implementing goals, Highly skilled in DIPLOMATIC INTEGRATION ADVOCATES THE IDEALISTS MENTORS COUNSELORS INFJ HEALERS INFP CHAMPIONS ENFP TEACHERS ENFJ

ABSTRACT COMMUNICATORS UTILITARIAN in implementing goals Highly skilled in STRATEGIC ANALYSIS ENGINEERS THE RATIONALS COORDINATORS Mastermind INTJ Architect INTP Fieldmarshal ENTJ Inventor ENTP

CONCRETE COMMUNICATORS UTILITARIAN in implementing goals, highly skilled in TACTICAL VARIATION ENTERTAINERS COMPOSERS ISFP THE ARTISANS OPERATORS CRAFTERS ISTP PROMOTERS ESTP PERFORMERS ESFP

Keirsey Temperament Distribution Total Results Counted = 6440530 Temperamen Percent Total t age Guardian 43. 52 28030 32 Idealist 30. 09 19382 63 Rational 13. 85 89223 2 Artisan 12. 53 80700 3

SPEECH 5 Keirsey Temperament Distribution Temperamen Percent Total t age Guardian 28 5 Idealist 50 9 Rational 22 4 Artisan 0 0 Total Results Counted =18

Extra Credit!!! • What type is your instructor? – The first person to guess correctly earns 25 extra credit points – Listen for clues – ONE GUESS PERSON

Extra Credit!!! • Clues – No one in the class has the same type as instructor – Not an Artisan – Two types strongly expressed – Two types extremely slightly expressed

The Generational Divide: Old Farts and Upstarts Instructor: Ellen Waddell

Sounds of the Generations • Sounds of the generations: – perspectives based on lifechanging events • Workplaces diversified at all levels – Age – Race – Gender – Ethnicity/culture • Impact of technology

DEFINING EVENTS 1930 s • • Great Depression Election of FDR 1940 s • • Pearl Harbor D-Day VE Day and VI Day Hiroshima/Nagasaki 1950 s • • • Korean War TV in every home Mc. Carthy HCUAA Hearings Rock n Roll Salk Polio vaccine introduced 1960 s • • Vietnam Kennedy elected Civil Rights Movement Kennedy and King assassinations • • Moon landing Woodstock 1970 s • • Oil Embargo Nixon Resigns First PCs Women’s Rights Movement 1980 s • • • 2000 s Y 2 K Dot Com rise and fall 911 War on Terrorism War with Iraq Challenger Explosion Fall of Berlin Wall John Lennon shot Reagan elected Savings and Loan Debacle California: Loma Prieta earthquake 1990 s Desert Storm Oklahoma City bombing Death of Princess Diana Clinton Scandals Internet/PC boom California: Northridge earthquake

Sounds of the Generations • “They have no work ethic. They’re just a bunch of slackers. ” • “A hiring bonus! Wet behind the ears and he wants a hiring bonus! At his age, I was just grateful to have a job. ” • “I have a new role. I will not attend meetings that start after 5 p. m. I have a life. ” • “He asks me, ‘Do you have an e-mail address? ’ I felt like telling him, ‘since you were in diapers, buddy. ’” • “She wants a ‘career map. ’ I don’t even know if there will be a customer relations department this time next year. ” • If I hear, ‘We tried that in ’ 87’ one more time, I will scream!”

The Veterans: 1922 -1943 Popular names George and Dorothy AKA Traditionalists; WWII Generation; The Silent Generation; Seniors Defining events The Great Depression; Pearl Harbor; WWII; New Deal; Korean War; Golden Age of Radio; Silver Screen; Rise of Labor Unions Visible members Harry Belafonte; George Bush Sr. ; Jimmy Carter; Phil Donohue; John Glenn; Gloria Steinem Music of their early years Swing; Big Band; Glenn Miller; Duke Ellington; Benny Goodman; Tommy Dorsey; Frank Sinatra

The Baby Boomers: 1943 -1960 Popular names Tom and Linda AKA Boomers Defining events Prosperity; Children in the spotlight; Television (color); Suburbia; Assassinations; Vietnam; Civil Rights Movement; Flower Children; Woodstock; The Cold War; Women’s Liberation: The Space Race Visible members Bill & Hilary Clinton; David Letterman; Oprah Winfrey; Jane Pauley; Bill Gates; Rush Limbaugh; Mick Jagger Music of their early years Rock n Roll; Acid Rock; Elvis; The Beatles; Rolling Stones; Grateful Dead; Beach Boys; Jimi Hendrix; Janis Joplin; Bob Dylan; Supremes; Temptations

The Generation Xers: 1960 -1980 Popular names Devon and Li AKA Xers; Twenty-somethings; Thirteeners; Baby busters; Post-boomers Defining events Watergate/Nixon resigns; Latchkey kids; Stagflation; Single-parent homes; MTV; AIDS; Computerized games/emergence of PCs; Challenger disaster; Wall Street/S&L; Fall of Berlin Wall; Persian Gulf; Glasnost & Perestroika Visible members George Stephanopoulis; Kurt Cobain; Jewel; Brad Pitt; Michael Jordan; Matt Groening; Neil Stephenson; Michael Dell Music of their early years Disco; Rap; Raggae; Elton John; Bruce Springstein; Tina Turner; Bon Jovi; Michael Jackson; Guns n Roses; U 2; Prince

The Nexters: 1980 -2000 Popular names Brandon and Crystal AKA Millennials; Generation Y; Generation 2001; Nintendo Generation; Generation Net; Internet Generation Defining events Computers; Schoolyard violence; Oklahoma City bombings; It takes a village; TV talk shows; Multiculturalism; Girl’s movement; Mc. Guire and Sosa; 911; War on Terrorism Visible members Kerri Strug; Macauley Culkin; Tara Lipinski; Chelsea Clinton; Le. Ann Rimes Music of their early years Alternative Rap; SKA; Remix; Jewel; Puff Daddy; ALanis Morrisette; Toni Braxton; Will Smith; Savage Garden; Spice Girls; Hanson; Garth Brooks; Backstreet Boys; Brintney

Cross-Generational Success • Motivation is key: • • Money Power Training and experience with influential people Leisure time Alternative schedules Tradition vs. “breaking the mold” Technology/newest hard and software

The End