Bundling and Unbundling of Functions Naomi Radke seecon

Bundling and Unbundling of Functions Naomi Radke, seecon international Gmb. H Bundling and Unbundling of Functions

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info Copyright & Disclaimer Copy it, adapt it, use it – but acknowledge the source! Copyright Included in the SSWM Toolbox are materials from various organisations and sources. Those materials are open source. Following the opensource concept for capacity building and non-profit use, copying and adapting is allowed provided proper acknowledgement of the source is made (see below). The publication of these materials in the SSWM Toolbox does not alter any existing copyrights. Material published in the SSWM Toolbox for the first time follows the same open-source concept, with all rights remaining with the original authors or producing organisations. To view an official copy of the Creative Commons Attribution Works 3. 0 Unported License we build upon, visit http: //creativecommons. org/licenses/by/3. 0. This agreement officially states that: You are free to: • Share - to copy, distribute and transmit this document • Remix - to adapt this document. We would appreciate receiving a copy of any changes that you have made to improve this document. Under the following conditions: • Attribution: You must always give the original authors or publishing agencies credit for the document or picture you are using. Disclaimer The contents of the SSWM Toolbox reflect the opinions of the respective authors and not necessarily the official opinion of the funding or supporting partner organisations. Depending on the initial situations and respective local circumstances, there is no guarantee that single measures described in the toolbox will make the local water and sanitation system more sustainable. The main aim of the SSWM Toolbox is to be a reference tool to provide ideas for improving the local water and sanitation situation in a sustainable manner. Results depend largely on the respective situation and the implementation and combination of the measures described. An in-depth analysis of respective advantages and disadvantages and the suitability of the measure is necessary in every single case. We do not assume any responsibility for and make no warranty with respect to the results that may be obtained from the use of the information provided. Bundling and Unbundling of Functions

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info Contents 1. Why to Bundle and Unbundle Functions 2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Function 2. 1 Make a Stakeholder Analysis 2. 2 Create a Stakeholder Platform 2. 3 Identify Actual Functions 2. 4 Identify Actors’ Capacities 2. 5 Propose Future Functions 2. 6 Implementation 3. Applicability 4. Advantages and Disadvantages 5. References Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 3

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 1. Why to Bundle and Unbundle Functions Bundle and unbundle functions • Crucial for implementation of SSWM on the local level • Decreases overlapping of roles and therefore increases project efficiency • Conflicts might appear between different stakeholders Bundling and Unbundling of Functions Source: http: //de. 123 rf. com/photo_14135218_asian-businessfrau-schriftlich-organigramm-f-r-personalmanagementkonzept. html [Accessed: 11. 10. 2013] = A clear definition of roles and responsibilities within organisations/institutions 4

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 1. Why to Bundle and Unbundle Functions Who does what? • Separation between public and private functions • Relationship between central and local governments • Allocation of functions among municipalities with different capacities • Function of civil society and private sector Too many cooks spoil the broth, if their functions and responsibilities are not clearly defined. Source: WSP (2009) Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 5

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Functions 1. Make a stakeholder analysis (1/3) Identify (key)stakeholders whose: • Interests are affected by an issue or project • Activities strongly affect an issue or project • Power, money, technical expertise or organisational profile gives control over relevant implementation instruments • Information, resources, experience or expertise is required for strategy or policy-making on an issue Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 6

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Functions 1. Make a stakeholder analysis (2/3) Three broad groupings need to be involved in water and sanitation: 1. Main social groups (men, women, poorer, better-off) who have the right to water and sanitation 2. Main water-user groups (farmers, domestic and industrial users, etc. ) 3. Main institutional stakeholders (private sector water and sanitation providers, local NGO’s/CBO’s, local governments and politicians, legal representatives and enforcement bodies) Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 7

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Functions 1. Make a stakeholder analysis (3/3) Make a diagram of all stakeholders and connections Stakeholders and their connections to each other should be identified. Source: Moriarity et al. (2007) Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 8

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Functions 2. Create a stakeholder platform Invite all relevant stakeholders (representatives of each group) to a platform to discuss the question of the Allocation of sanitation and water management functions! A stakeholder platform. Source: http: //www. limawater. de/en/pp 5. html [Accessed 02. 10. 2013] Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 9

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Functions 3. Identify actual functions (1/2) With a stakeholder platform: • Differentiate functions one actually holds and functions one thinks one holds • Note overlaps/lead to confusion or conflict use an “actors and task matrix” to fill out actors and their key roles/tasks and identify overlaps Overlaps and gaps of tasks need to be identified for the bundling and unbundling of sanitation and water management functions. Source: WSP (2003) Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 10

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Functions 3. Identify actual functions (2/2) Some guiding questions: • Which tasks/ functions are performed by which actors? • What activities do the actors carry out in performing these tasks? How effective are they? • What gaps are there between tasks? • What overlaps are there between different actors/ tasks? • Is there a coordinated effort by actors to integrate their tasks? • What factors within the system have a positive or negative influence on task performance? • What information is held by which stakeholders that helps them to perform their tasks? Is it shared? If so, how? Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 11

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Functions 4. Identify actors’ capacities Identify: • Capacities • Weaknesses • Resources Summarise outcomes on flip charts, mind maps or the like. Identify capacities and weaknesses. Source: http: //coreytowe. wordpress. com/2011/08/10/leadingfrom-your-strengths-part-1/ [Accessed: 02. 10. 2013] Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 12

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Functions 5. Propose future functions (1/2) Key questions: • Do the proposed functions fall within the scope of the current activities of the actors? • Does a relative consensus exist concerning the need to intervene and the need to carry out the interventions proposed by the team and the participating actors? • Do the relevant key actors see the functions as being in their interest? • Whose perceived interests might be negatively affected by the new allocation of functions? Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 13

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Functions 5. Propose future functions (2/2) Key questions (continued): • Whose perceived interests might be negatively affected by the new allocation of functions? • Which of the key actors share a need for the perceived interventions? If they work alone, could they make changes? • Do the relevant key actors have the resources needed to implement the proposed interventions (financial, human, knowledge base, leadership, organisational capacities)? • Which of the key actors has actually expressed willingness to implement some or all of the proposed interventions? Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 14

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 2. How to Bundle and Unbundle Functions 6. Implementation Monitoring the function allocation helps to find out about upcoming uncertainties early! Source: Clipart Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 15

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 3. Applicability A very wide applicability, . . . as it is always helpful to avoid overlaps and gaps of functions and responsibilities! Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 16

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 4. Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages: Disadvantages: • Clear definition of functions • A stakeholder platform is necessary to find out about optimal function allocation • Avoiding inefficiency and conflict • Heightens transparency • Better use of expertise • The discussion of functions and responsibilities might lead to conflicts • Includes capacities of each stakeholder Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 17

Find this presentation and more on www. sswm. info 5. References WSP (Editor) (2009): Too Many Cooks Spoil the Broth. URL: http: //www. wsp. org/about/Cartoon%20 Calendars/2009%20 Calendar [Accessed: 11. 01. 2010] MORIARTY, P. ; BATCHELOR, C. ; ABD-ALHADI, F. ; LABAN, P. ; FAHMY, H. ; INWRDAM (Editor) (2007): The EMPOWERS Approach to Water Governance: Guidelines, Methods and Tools. pdf presentation. Amman, Jordan: Inter-Islamic Network on Water Resources Development and Management (INWRDAM). URL: http: //www. project. empowers. info/page/2850 [Accessed: 02. 10. 2013] WSP (Editor) (2003): Gap of Responsibilities. URL: http: //www. wsp. org/about/Cartoon%20 Calendars/2003%20 Calendar [Accessed: 02. 10. 2013] Bundling and Unbundling of Functions 18

“Linking up Sustainable Sanitation, Water Management & Agriculture” SSWM is an initiative supported by: Created by: Enter the title of your presentation here (go to view master (THIS TITLE YOU NEED TO ENETER ON BOTH MASTERS: TITLE PAGE MASTER AND NORMAL PAGE MASTER and FINAL PAGE MASTER) 19