Bundesanstalt fr Straenwesen Workshop 2006 European Directive on

Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen Workshop 2006 European Directive on Safety Requirements for Road Tunnels - Contents and National Implementation in Germany Dr. -Ing. Frank Heimbecher Section Tunnel Engineering and Tunnel Operation Federal Highway Research Institute of Germany Göteborg, Lindholmen Science Park, Thursday 30 th March 2006 30. März 2006

Number and tube length of main road tunnels in Germany Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 2/29

RABT 2003 Detailed specifications to: - lighting - ventilation - equipment concerning traffic engineering - operation - Transport of dangerous goods. . . Low flexibility "prescriptive" Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 3/29

Equipment of road tunnels in Germany Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 4/29

Specifications to: - tunnel operation and safety equipment - administrative / organised specifications - appointments and periodic exercises - reporting. . . Directive 2004/54/EC High flexibility "performance based" Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 5/29

Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations Stock: and administrative to comply 14 tunnels provisions with approx. necessary 33 km of tube length with this (stand: 2004) Directive by 30 April 2006. Scope: Tunnel of the trans-European road network, (in operation, under construction, design), lengths over 500 m Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 6/29

Directive 2004/54/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on minimum requirements for tunnels in the trans-European road network • Explanatory memorandum • Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council • Annex I: Measures • Annex II: Approval of the design, safety documentation, commissioning a tunnel, modifications and periodic exercises • Annex III: Road signing for tunnels Download: www. europa. eu. int Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 7/29

• From the European Directive no subjective rights can be derived. The implementation can therefore be carried out in the context of the existing legal norms (RABT, St. VO, Vw. V-St. VO) without parliament participation. • Customization/addition passes at the legal norms St. VO, Vw. VSt. VO with regard to appendix III, : Tunnel sign E 11 A, sign for laybys E 17 A or E 17 B. These signs have to be taken into the St. VO, Vw. V-St. VO. Implementation of the European Directive essentially by extrapolation the RABT 2003 Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 8/29

Directive 2004/54/EC + RABT 2003 RABT 2006 Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 9/29

• Adaption of the RABT with regard to risk analysis method, • Adaption of the RABT with regard to the organs of the European-Directive, • Adaption/customization of the RABT with regard to structural and operational measures, • Adaption of the RABT with regard to the appendix II of the European-Directive (approval of the designs, safety documentation, commissioning of a tunnel, modifications and periodic exercises), • Adaption of the RABT/St. VO/Vw. V-St. VO with regard to traffic legal regulations concerning traffic engineering, The puttingregulations into action(ARS). for all federal road tunnels • Supplementary with lengths over 400 m Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 10/29

Uniform design and marking of emergency exits Top view – escape route marking Escape route marking on both sides Flashing ligths paint Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 11/29

Lane indicator system with self-illuminating guide markings Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 12/29

Article 1: Subject matter and scope Article 2: Definitions Article 3: Safety measures Article 4: Administrative authority Article 5: Tunnel manager • Article 4: Administrative authority Article 6: Safety Officer • Article 5: Tunnel Article 7: Inspection entitymanager Article 8: Notification of the administrative authority • Article 6: Safety officer Article 9: Tunnels whose design has not yet been approved • Article 7: Inspection entity Article 10: Tunnels whose design has been approved but which are not yet open Article 11: Tunnels already in operation Article 12: Periodic inspections Article 13: Risk analysis Artikel 13: Riskforanalysis Article 14: Derogation innovative techniques Article 15: Reporting Article 16: Adaptation to technical progress Article 17: Committee procedure Article 18: Transposition Article 19: Entry into force • Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 13/29

Administrative authority (Art. 4 EC-Directive No. 1. 1. 1 RABT 2006) • on national, regional or local level; • each tunnel falls under the responsibility of one AA; • responsibility for ensuring that all aspects of the safety of a tunnel are respected; • commissions a tunnel; • has the power to restrict the operation of a tunnel; • ensures that inspections, putting in place of organisational and operational schemes, training and equipping of emergency services are performed; Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 14/29

Tunnel manager* (Art. 5 EC-Directive No. 1. 1. 2 RABT 2006) • is a public or private body responsible for the management of a tunnel; • is identified by the Administrative Authority; • compiles occurrence reports for any significant incident or accident in a tunnel; • forwards investigation reports to the Safety officer, Administrative Authority and emergency services. *) the Administrative Authority itself may perform this function Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 15/29

Safety officer (Art. 6 EC-Directive No. 1. 1. 3 RABT 2006) • is nominated by the Tunnel Manager for each tunnel; • tasks of the Safety Officer: – ensure co-ordination with emergency services; – take part in the planning, implementation and evaluation of emergency operations; – take part in the definition of safety schemes and the specification of structure, equipment and operation; – verify that operational staff and emergency services are trained; – verify that tunnel structure and equipment are maintained and repaired; – take part in the evaluation of any significant incident or accident. Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 16/29

Inspection Entity* (Art. 7 EC-Directive No. 1. 1. 4 RABT 2006) • Member States shall ensure that inspections, evaluations and tests are carried out by Inspection Entities; • the Administrative Authority may perform this function; • the Inspection Entity must be functionally independent from the Tunnel Manager. *) the Administrative Authority itself may perform this function Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 17/29

Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 18/29

Risk analysis (definiton by EC-Directive) (Art. 13, EC-Directive No. 0. 5, RABT 2006) A risk analysis is an analysis of risks for a given tunnel, taking into account all design factors and traffic conditions that affect safety, notably traffic characteristics and type, tunnel length and tunnel geometry, as well as the forecast number of heavy goods vehicles per day. Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 19/29

Risk analysis according to RABT 2006 • Special characteristic of tunnels with length > 400 m (RABT, No. 0. 5) • Alternative of risk reduction measures in case of disproportionate cost (RABT, No. 0. 5) • Determination of the fire performance in case of a high percentage of heavy goods traffic (RABT, No. 4. 3. 2) • Dimensioning of the ventilation system in bidirectional tunnels with a length from 600 m to 1200 m (RABT, No. 4. 3. 3) • Specification or change of regulations and requirements for the transport of dangerous goods through road tunnels (RABT, No. 9) Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 20/29

Special characteristic of tunnels with length > 400 m (Annex I, EC-Directive – No. 0. 4, RABT 2006) · · · · tunnel length, number of tubes, number of lanes, cross-sectional geometry, vertical and horizontal alignment, type of construction, uni-directional or bi-directional traffic, · traffic volume per tube, riskanalysis Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher yes · risk of congestion, · access time for emergency services, · heavy goods vehicles, · dangerous goods traffic, · characteristics of the access roads · Lane width, · speed considerations, · geographical and meteorological environment specials ? no measures of RABT Folie 21/29

Alternative of risk reduction measures in case of disproportionate cost (No. 0. 5, RABT 2006) Where structural requirements can only be satisfied through technical solutions which either cannot be achieved or can be achieved only at disproportionate cost, the administrative compensation authority may accept the implementation of risk reduction measures as an alternative to application of those requirements, provided that the alternative measures will result Construction requirements equipment in equivalent or (proof improved protection. safety The efficiency of these of equivalent level) measures shall be demonstrated through a risk analysis. Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 22/29

Risk analysis in Germany Further procedure: • Risk analysis are carried out by an institution which is function-relatedly independent of the tunnel manager. • PIARC C 3. 3 „Tunnel Operation“, • WG 2 The member states take carefor that a methodology which is precise, „Safety Management Tunnels“ defined and exactly corresponding to an optimal practice is used uniformly at a national level. • Research project BASt/ BMVBW • „Assessment Member states inform of theroad Commission of shall the safety tunnels“of the methodology applied. • In Germany a standardised methodology for a probabilistic risk assessment is currently worked out. • The methodology comprehends four types of scenarios: Break-downs, collisions, fires and accidents involving dangerous goods. Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 23/29

Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 24/29

Solution Model 5 B = 42, 94 m Project cost: 3. 671 Mio. € Length: Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher 18. 560 m Folie 25/29

Comparison and assessment RABT 2006 Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 26/29

Cross section according to RABT with emergency lane (RQ 26 T) B = 45, 64 m Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 27/29

Risk analysis according to EC tunnel directive Ø necessary for tunnels with special characteristics Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 28/29

Thank you for your attention ! Dr. -Ing. F. Heimbecher Folie 29/29