Bullying NEVER BE BULLIED INTO SILENCE NEVER ALLOW

Bullying “NEVER BE BULLIED INTO SILENCE. NEVER ALLOW YOURSELF TO BE MADE A VICTIM. ACCEPT NO ONE'S DEFINITION OF YOUR LIFE, BUT DEFINE YOURSELF. ” - BENJAMIN DISRAELI

OUTLINE: qdefinition q. Types of bullying q. Effects q. Characteristic of bully q. Characteristic of target q 3 reasons for bullying q. Early intervention q. Summary q. Conclusion qarticle

objective After this seminar the student will be able to : o. Define bullying o. Know the types of bullying o. Identify the reasons of bullying o. Identify the characteristics of both bully and target o. List the tool of prevention

Definition. . “Bullying” means systematically and chronically inflicting physical hurt or psychological distress on one or more students or employees. q. It is further defined as: unwanted purposeful written, verbal, nonverbal, or physical behavior, including but not limited to any threatening, insulting, or dehumanizing gesture, by an adult or student, that has the potential to create an intimidating, hostile, or offensive educational environment or cause long term damage; cause discomfort or humiliation; or unreasonably interfere with the individual’s school performance or participation, is carried out repeatedly and is often characterized by an imbalance of power.

Statistics: l l l 17% of students in grades 6 -10 report being bullied 23% of students in grades 4 -6 have been bullied 20% of students in grades 4 -6 report bullying others

Types of Bullying Physical Attacks: Such as hitting, pushing, or kicking. Verbal Attacks: Such as unwanted sexual advances, gestures or remarks. Social Bullying: Which may involve spreading rumors or leaving people out of groups or activities. *Anyone can bully- or be bullied.

Cyberbullying can take place in any or all of the following platforms: Chat rooms or discussion posts Emails Instant messaging • Cell phones Webpages Cyberbullying can include the following: Sending mean, vulgar, or threatening messages or images Posting sensitive, private information about another person pretending to be someone else in order to make that person look bad Intentionally excluding someone from an online group

When Someone Bullies, Everyone Feels the Effects Fear: Bullying makes everyone afraid- even those who aren’t targets. No one knows who will be bullied next. Shame: The person who is bullied may feel worthless and powerless, And someone who witnesses bullying may feel ashamed for not doing something to stop it. Hopelessness: If bullying isn’t stopped, some people may think that nothing can protect them from harm.

Effects Continued Violence: Remember- violence is never a good way to deal with bullying. It can only make the problem worse. And carrying a weapon may lead to more trouble. Loss of Freedom: Fear of bullying may cause some people to avoid certain places or activities. Avoiding people who bully affect your success or the fun you have at school. Absence from School: Some people may become so frightened of bullying that they stop going to school altogether. In fact, fear of violence is a major reason for dropping out of school. *Don’t wait until bullying gets out of hand. Seek help right away!

What makes someone into a Bully? : q. Research has shown that those who bully may live in families that teach their children that those in power are also the decision-makers. This can sometimes lead to an external locus of control, and can lead children to believe that their behavior is appropriate unless they encounter someone more powerful. q. Students also sometimes become bullies in part through an osmosis of violence from their surroundings. They can learn this violent behavior from their home, their friends, or even the media, though that last is the subject of some debate.

What are the Characteristics of a Bully? : People of any age, gender, or background can be both the bully and/or the recipient of bullying behavior Males are more likely to be bullies and victims of bullying than females. Males are more likely to be physically bullied, while females are more likely to be verbally or psychologically bullied. Bullies and victims of bullying have difficulty adjusting to their environments, both socially and psychologically. Victims of bullying have greater difficulty making friends and are lonelier. Bullies are more likely to smoke and drink alcohol, and to be poorer students. Bully-victims who are both bullies and recipients of bullying--tend to experience social isolation, to do poorly in school and take part in smoking and drinking

What are the Characteristics of a Target Bully Targets tend to be the same kids year after year. The only physical feature which is predictive of victimization is physical weakness. Chronic abuse from peers is linked to a wide variety of adjustment problems and negative behavior including depression, anxiety, low self esteem, loneliness, chronic disruptiveness, violence towards others and suicide. Many targets: Eternalize problems Can be argumentative, pushy, disruptive and irritating Are quick to blame others React to bullying through anger and violence May bring weapons to school

3 Reasons for Bullying: According to Olweus, a bullying prevention program associated with Clemson University, there are three reasons why students demonstrate bullying behavior: 1. being rewarded in some way for their behavior with either material or psychological rewards 2. a strong need for power and (negative) dominance 3. satisfaction in causing injury and suffering to other students

Early Intervention: Perhaps 10 to 15 percent of our students will need some sort of intervention to help them interact effectively with peers and teachers. Such intervention cannot be a one-size-fits-all approach but must instead be tailored to students' particular strengths and needs. Regardless of their nature, interventions are more effective when they occur early in the game - before students go too far down the path of antisocial behavior - and when they are developed by a multidisciplinary team of teachers and other professionals who bring various areas of expertise to the planning table. Research shows that when a child reaches age 8 aggressive tendencies may already be firmly in place

Tools for Prevention: q. Training for bystanders on how to be an ally to the target q. Support for targets (self-empowerment, assertiveness skills and social skills) q. One on One counseling for bullies and targets as needed q. Re-channeling bullies need for power into more positive directions (leadership skills training, cross-age peer mentoring) q. Effective involvement and training of parents q. Breaking the code of silence to encourage reporting to both school staff and parents q. Structural changes that reduce the risk of bullying (increased supervision in places where students are vulnerable, policies such as buddies for bathroom trips) q. Community involvement http: //www. mass. gov/Eeohhs 2/docs/dph/com_health/violence/bullying_prevent_guide. pdf

q. Creating a Safe School q. Create an Environment of Nonviolence q. Creating a Safe Classroom Environment: q. Create a Cooperative Classroom: q. Include students who are excluded

Conclusion Say Goodbye to Bullying! Understand ◦ That bulling is a serious problem. Learn ◦ How to respond when a person starts bullying. Offer Support ◦ To people who are bullied. Tell ◦ An adult if you or someone you know is being bullied.

Books: Espelage, Dorothy L. and Susan M. Swearer. Bullying in American Schools. New Jersey: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, 2004. Roberts, Walter B. Working with Parents of Bullies and Victims. California: Corwin Press, 2008. Barton, Elizabeth A. Bully Prevention, Second Edition. California: Corwin Press, 2006. Besag, Valerie E. , Ian Rivers, and Neil Duncan. Bullying. Connecticut: Praeger, 2007. Bean, Allan L. Protect Your Child from Bullying. California: Jossey-Bass, 2008 Ormrod, Jeanne Ellis Educational Psychology, Fifth Edition. Ohio: Pearson, 2006

Articles: http: //www. tandfonline. com/doi/pdf/10. 1080/1045988 X. 2015. 1086969? need. Access=true