Bullet 1 2 Causes of the Mexican Revolution

Bullet 1 & 2 Causes of the Mexican Revolution: social, economic and political; the role of the Porfiriato regime The revolution and its leaders (191017): ideologies, aims and methods of Madero, Villa, Zapata, Carranza; achievements and failures; Constitution of 1917: nature and application

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 1 The Beginning – 1910 election - Diaz arrests Madero - Plan of San Luis Potosi Nov 20, 1910 - U. S. Involvement - May 1911: Treaty of Ciudad Juarez Francisco Madero – wealthy hacendado of Coahuila Diaz retires in France

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 2 Pancho Villa – Robin Hood of the North - Outlaw, miner, cattle rustler, & bank robber - Bandito to Revolutionary joins Madero - Division del Norte Army of Chihuahua Pancho Villa http: //www. pickatrail. com/jupiter/location/north_america/mexico/chihuahua. html

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 3 Emiliano Zapata – Revolutionary Idealist of the South - Son of a small farmer of Morelos -Influenced by Mexican Liberal Party (PLM) -PLM founder Ricardo Flores Magon Emiliano Zapata Motto: Tierra y libertad “Land & liberty” - Land to be returned to the ejido, communal holdings

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 4 Madero’s Presidency: Oct 1911 – Feb 1913 Change: -Trade union support -Casa del Obrero Mundial - Vision of democracy - limited No Change: - Leaves much of Diaz political & military structure in place for stability - Opposed to radical land reform Interim president: Francisco León de la Barra - Caught between reactionaries & radicals - Madero loses American support … 1912 1000, 000 troops on border

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 5 Victoriano Huerta’s Dictatorship Feb 1913 July 1914 - Backed by U. S. - Overthrows Madero - Wealthy land owners, capitalists, Church - RIP Madero Victoriano Huerta - Labor unions shut down Ambassador Henry Lane Wilson

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 6 US Intervention - Taft out Wilson in - Huerta suspends interests payments on national debt - The Excuse: Arrest of US soldiers - April - Nov, 1914 US invasion of Veracruz Moral Diplomacy American ships at Veracruz

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 6 Two New Contender s: Venustiano Carranza - Previous supporter of Diaz then Madero - Leader Constitutionalist Army in Coahuila - March 1913 Plan of Guadalupe & Alvaro Obregon Carranza - Chick-pea farmer of Sonora - Talented military leader Obregon - Army of the Northwest, allies with Carranza over Villa

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 7 Fighting amongst Revolutionaries - Villa/Zapata vs Carranza/Obregon -Oct 1914 Convention of Aguascalientes -Zapata – Plan of Ayala – land reform. -Gutierrez, Carranza’s general selected president - not Carranza - Carranza flees to Veracruz, promises social reforms to ALL - January 1915, Obregon’s troops hold Mexico City -1915, Woodrow Wilson acknowledges Carranza’s ascendancy

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 8 Constitution of 1917 - Article 3 and the Church - Articles 34 and 35 - Article 123 - Article 27 Asuncion Ocotlan Church “Fruits of Labor” Diego Rivera Hermila Galido de Topete – Women’s equality lead

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 9 Carranza’s Presidency - May 1, 1915 - Independent judiciary - Land reform - What to do about Villa and Zapata? - "Red Battalions"

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 10 Carranza’s Presidency -August 1916, the Casa del Obrero Mudial forcibly disbanded - Did not implement reform articles of constitution - Foreign policy - Zapata killed April 10, 1919

The Revolution and its Leaders (1910 -17) 11 Election of 1920 - Puts forth Ignacio Bonillas as successor - Obregon calls for Carranza to be removed - Carranza flees - Adolfo de la Huerta becomes prov. Pres. - Obregon’s election is certain outcome - Reconstruction can begin Ignacio Bonillas Adolfo de la Huerta Álvaro Obregón